Breakdown of دستگاه جدید برای دفع حشرهها خیلی کارآمد است.
است
is
خیلی
very / many (of)
جدیدjadid
new
برایbarâye
for
دستگاهdastgâh
machine
حشرهhashare
insect
کارآمدkârâmad
efficient
دفعdaf'
repulsion / elimination
Questions & Answers about دستگاه جدید برای دفع حشرهها خیلی کارآمد است.
The current lesson focuses on using zed-e (anti-) for resistance. Could we use a zed-e compound in this sentence instead?
Yes! Instead of saying for repelling insects (برای دفع حشرهها), you could use a compound adjective and say دستگاه جدید ضد حشره خیلی کارآمد است (The new anti-insect device is very efficient). Using the noun دفع (daf' - repelling, warding off) is just another very common, natural way to express defense or resistance against something.
How does the word کارآمد break down to mean efficient?
کارآمد (kār-āmad) is a compound adjective formed from کار (kār - work) and آمد (āmad - came, the past stem of to come). In Farsi, when something comes to work or successfully produces results, it is considered useful, effective, or efficient.
Why do we need the ezafe connector (the hidden 'e' sound) between دفع and حشرهها?
Because دفع (daf') acts as a verbal noun here meaning the repelling or the warding off. It is not an active verb in this sentence. To link this noun to its object and say the repelling of insects, Farsi uses the ezafe, making it daf'-e hashare-hā.
The English translation says insects (plural), and the Farsi uses حشرهها. Is the plural suffix ها strictly necessary here?
Not strictly. In Farsi, when referring to a general category or species, it is very common to use the singular form. You could completely naturally say دفع حشره (daf'-e hashare), and it would still translate to repelling insects in English. Using حشرهها just slightly emphasizes them as a multitude of bugs.
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