Learn Farsi: پنج سال است که در مورد اشتقاق و فراگیری زبان تحقیق می‌کنم. - I have been researching derivation and language acquisition for five years.

The word farâgiri is made of the conceptual prefix farâ- (meaning beyond, over, or comprehensive), the present stem gir (from gereftan, to take), and the noun-forming suffix -i. Literally meaning "taking comprehensively," it is the standard formal term for "acquisition" or deep learning.

Why does the Farsi sentence use the simple present tense mikonam when the English translation says "have been researching"?

To express an action that started in the past and is still continuing, Farsi doesn't use a perfect continuous tense like English. Instead, it uses the structure [time period] ast ke (literally: "it is [time period] that...") followed by the present tense verb. So, panj sâl ast ke... tahqiq mikonam literally translates to "It is five years that I research...".

In the phrase eshteqâq va farâgiri-e zabân, why is there only an ezafe on farâgiri and not on eshteqâq?

The ezafe (the -e sound) links "acquisition" directly to "language" (farâgiri-e zabân). Because eshteqâq (derivation) is separated by va (and), it acts as a standalone noun here: "derivation, and acquisition-of language." If the speaker meant "language derivation and language acquisition," they would have added an ezafe to both nouns.

The word eshteqâq (derivation) is an Arabic borrowing. What is its root?

It comes from the Arabic root sh-q-q, which relates to splitting or branching off. At the B2 level, you might also recognize this root in the word (derivative), which is commonly used in mathematics and linguistics.