Breakdown of هیچکس هرگز بدون تمرین نقشهکشی را یاد نمیگیرد.
هرگزhargez
never
راrâ
definite direct object marker
یاد گرفتنyâd gereftan
to learn
هیچکسhichkas
nobody
بدونbedun-e
without
تمرینtamrin
exercise, practice
نقشهکشیnaqshe-keshi
cartography
Questions & Answers about هیچکس هرگز بدون تمرین نقشهکشی را یاد نمیگیرد.
Why are there three negative words (هیچکس, هرگز, and the negative verb نمیگیرد) in this sentence?
Farsi requires negative agreement (negative concord). If you use negative pronouns like هیچکس (nobody) or negative adverbs like هرگز (never), the main verb must also be made negative. While English says 'Nobody ever learns,' Farsi literally says 'Nobody never does not learn.'
How is the word نقشهکشی (cartography) constructed?
It is a compound noun. It combines نقشه (map or plan) with کش (the present stem of کشیدن, meaning to draw) and the noun-forming suffix ی. Literally, it means 'the act of map-drawing.'
Is there a hidden Ezafe connecting بدون and تمرین?
Yes, it is pronounced بدونِ تمرین (bedun-e tamrin). Unlike simple prepositions such as در (in) or از (from), the word بدون (without) requires an Ezafe to connect it to the noun that follows it.
Could بدون تمرین (without practice) be placed somewhere else in the sentence?
Yes. Farsi adverbial phrases are very flexible. Placing it before the direct object is natural, but you could also put it after نقشهکشی را or even at the start of the sentence, depending on what you want to emphasize.
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