Breakdown of راهب خودش را با ریاضت و نخوابیدن کنترل میکند.
و
and
باbâ
with
خوابیدنkhâbidan
to sleep
راrâ
definite direct object marker
Questions & Answers about راهب خودش را با ریاضت و نخوابیدن کنترل میکند.
How does the negative infinitive نخوابیدن work in this sentence?
It functions exactly like a noun. You make a negative infinitive by adding the prefix نـ (na-) to an infinitive, like خوابیدن (to sleep). Here, it translates to not sleeping and is governed by the preposition با (with/through), just like the regular noun ریاضت (asceticism) right next to it.
Could I use نخوابیدن as the subject of a sentence too?
Yes! Because negative infinitives act as verbal nouns, they can do anything a regular noun can do. For example, you could say نخوابیدن برای سلامتی بد است (Not sleeping is bad for health), where it acts as the subject.
Why is the object marker را attached to the reflexive pronoun خودش?
The word خودش (himself) is the direct object of the verb کنترل میکند (controls). Because reflexive pronouns refer to a specific person or thing already mentioned, they are always definite and therefore require the direct object marker را.
What is the exact word order happening with the compound verb here?
The standard Farsi word order places the prepositional phrase با ریاضت و نخوابیدن right before the compound verb کنترل میکند. The direct object خودش را comes earlier. So the overall structure is: Subject + Direct Object + Prepositional Phrase + Verb.