Questions & Answers about کوسه گوشتخوار است و با غریزه به دشمن حمله میکند.
Why is کوسه (shark) in the singular when the statement applies to all sharks?
In Farsi, when making a general statement about an entire species or category, it is very common to use a bare singular noun (no plural marker, no definite or indefinite endings) paired with a singular verb. So کوسه with the singular verb است translates to 'The shark is...' or 'Sharks are...' in a generic sense.
Is دشمن (enemy) also functioning as a generic noun in this sentence?
Yes! Just like کوسه, the word دشمن is used as a bare singular noun here. The sentence isn't talking about one specific enemy we have identified before; it represents the abstract concept of 'enemies' in general.
How exactly does the word گوشتخوار (carnivore) break down?
It is a compound word made of گوشت (meat) and خوار, which is the present stem of the verb خوردن (to eat). This noun plus present stem pattern is highly productive in Farsi for describing what something eats, such as گیاهخوار (herbivore/vegetarian).
Why does the sentence use به دشمن instead of just دشمن را for 'attacks the enemy'?
The compound verb حمله کردن (to attack) requires the preposition به to indicate who or what is being attacked. You cannot use the direct object marker را here; literally, the Farsi phrasing is closer to 'doing an attack to the enemy'.