Question 1

How exactly does mabni bar in ke connect the warning to the storm in this sentence?

Accepted Answer

The phrase mabni bar in ke acts as a reporting clause meaning "indicating that" or "based on the fact that." It links a noun (like a report, letter, or in this case, ekhtâr / warning) to a full sentence that describes its contents. You could also swap it with hâki az in ke for the exact same meaning.

Question 2

Do I need an Ezafe vowel between ekhtâr (warning) and mabni?

Accepted Answer

Yes. Even though mabni bar in ke looks like a standalone conjunction, mabni (meaning "based") functions grammatically as an adjective modifying the noun before it. Therefore, you must pronounce the invisible Ezafe: ekhtâr-e mabni bar in ke.

Question 3

Why are we seeing two clauses back-to-back without a comma before raft o âmad?

Accepted Answer

Written Farsi often omits commas where English would naturally place them to separate clauses. You have to rely on context and the sentence structure to see where the dependent clause ends (shadid ast) and the main clause begins (raft o âmad mamnu' ast). Pausing slightly after the first ast when speaking makes this boundary clear.

Question 4

What does the phrase raft o âmad literally mean?

Accepted Answer

It literally means "went and came," combining the past stems of the verbs for going (raftan) and coming (âmadan). Used together as a single compound noun, it is the standard Farsi term for "traffic," "circulation," or "commuting."

به دلیل اخطار مبنی بر اینکه طوفان ساحلی شدید است رفت و آمد ممنوع است.

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