Learn Farsi: این پدیده توسط محقق استنباط می‌شود، زیرا مدارک واضح است. - This phenomenon is inferred by the researcher, because the evidence is clear.

این پدیده توسط محقق استنباط می‌شود، زیرا مدارک واضح است.in padide tavassot mohaqqeq estenbât mishavad, zirâ madârek vâzeh ast.

This phenomenon is inferred by the researcher, because the evidence is clear.

Breakdown of این پدیده توسط محقق استنباط می‌شود، زیرا مدارک واضح است.

Questions & Answers about این پدیده توسط محقق استنباط می‌شود، زیرا مدارک واضح است.

We already know words like chon for "because". Why use zirâ here?

zirâ (زیرا) means "because" or "for," but it is much more formal than chon (چون) or barâye inke (برای اینکه). You will mostly see it in formal written texts, academic writing, or news. Just like the others, it introduces an independent clause, and the verb in that second clause stays in the normal indicative mood, which is why we simply use the present tense است (ast).

How do we express "by the researcher" in this passive sentence?

In Farsi, when you want to mention who did the action in a passive sentence (the agent), you use the word توسط (tavasot-e), which means "by means of" or "by". Here, توسط محقق (tavasot-e mohaqeq) clearly introduces the researcher as the one doing the inferring.

How is the passive verb استنباط می‌شود (is inferred) formed?

It comes from the compound verb استنباط کردن (to infer). To make a compound verb passive in Farsi, you change the "doing" part of the verb, کردن (kardan), into the "becoming" verb, شدن (shodan). So, instead of the active استنباط می‌کند (infers), we use the present passive استنباط می‌شود (is inferred).

مدارک (madârek) is plural for "documents" or "evidence", so why does it take the singular verb است (ast)?

مدارک is indeed plural (it is an Arabic "broken plural" of مدرک). However, a very common rule in Farsi is that when a plural subject is inanimate (not a person or animal), the verb takes the singular form. That is why it is paired with the singular rather than the plural .