Breakdown of این اکوسیستم به یک لایهی خاک نیاز دارد.
این
this
یکyek
one / a, an
بهbe
to
داشتنdâshtan
to have
Questions & Answers about این اکوسیستم به یک لایهی خاک نیاز دارد.
Why do we use the preposition به before یک لایهی خاک?
In Farsi, the compound verb نیاز داشتن (to need) literally translates as 'to have a need'. When you specify what is needed, it must be introduced by the preposition به (to). So the literal structure is 'This ecosystem has a need to a layer of soil.'
Why does لایه have a ی attached to it in لایهی خاک?
This is the ezāfe linking لایه (layer) and خاک (soil) to mean 'layer of soil'. Because لایه ends in a silent 'he' (which makes an 'e' sound), we must add a 'y' sound to bridge the vowels. In writing, this is shown by adding the letter ی to the end of the word.
Since the current lesson is about complement clauses, could we use از اینکه or a similar connector here?
No, because those are used to introduce a full clause (an action or situation with its own verb). Here, the ecosystem just needs a physical object, which is a simple noun phrase (یک لایهی خاک). You only need the preposition به to connect the verb to a simple noun.
Are borrowed words like اکوسیستم common in Farsi?
Yes, Farsi frequently borrows modern scientific, technical, and academic terms from English and French. They are written phonetically in the Farsi alphabet and act just like native nouns in sentences.