Breakdown of تو بدون اینکه بدانی، خوابگردی میکنی.
تو
you (singular)
کردنkardan
to do / to make
دانستنdânestan
to know (facts)
بدون اینکهbedun-e inke
without (doing something)
خوابگردیkhâbgardi
sleepwalking
Questions & Answers about تو بدون اینکه بدانی، خوابگردی میکنی.
Why do we use bedāni instead of midāni here?
The phrase bedun-e inke (without) always triggers the subjunctive mood. Because the action of knowing isn't actually happening, it is treated as a conditional or unreal action. That is why we use the subjunctive bedāni rather than the indicative midāni.
What is the literal breakdown of khāb-gardi mikoni?
The word khāb-gardi is a compound made of khāb (sleep) and gardi (wandering). Farsi pairs this noun with the helper verb kardan (to do) to create the action. So, it literally translates to "you do sleep-wandering."
How exactly is the subjunctive verb bedāni formed here?
It comes from the verb dānestan (to know). You take the present stem dān, add the standard subjunctive prefix be-, and attach the singular "you" ending -i. This gives us bedāni.
The English translation says "without knowing it." Where is the word for "it" in the Farsi sentence?
It is completely omitted! In Farsi, when a direct object like "it" is obvious from the context, it is usually dropped. The phrase bedun-e inke bedāni simply means "without this that you know," and the "it" is naturally implied.
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