Breakdown of علاوه بر این ده قلم، شمارش بعضی از جعبهها را تمام کردیم.
این
this
ازaz
from
دهdah
ten
راrâ
definite direct object marker
جعبهja'be
box
بعضیba'zi
some
تمام کردنtamâm kardan
to finish
علاوه برalâve bar
in addition to
قلمghalam
item
شمارشshomâresh
counting
Questions & Answers about علاوه بر این ده قلم، شمارش بعضی از جعبهها را تمام کردیم.
How does the phrase alâve bar connect to the rest of the sentence? Do we need an ezâfe?
alâve bar means 'in addition to'. It is made of alâve (addition) and the preposition bar (on/upon). Because bar is already a preposition, you do not add an ezâfe (the 'e' or 'ye' sound) to connect it to the following word in (this/these).
Why is the word qalam used here? Doesn't that mean 'pen'?
Yes, qalam means 'pen', but it is also widely used as a measure word (or counter) for 'items' on a list, such as inventory, merchandise, or groceries. So in dah qalam simply translates to 'these ten items'.
Why is the object marker râ placed after ja'be-hâ (boxes) instead of right after shomâresh (counting)?
The marker râ must follow the entire direct object phrase. Here, the complete thing being finished is 'the counting of some of the boxes' (shomâresh-e ba'zi az ja'be-hâ). The whole descriptive phrase stays together, and râ anchors it at the very end.
How is the word shomâresh (counting) formed?
It is a noun created from the verb shomordan (to count). By taking the present stem of a verb and adding the suffix -esh, you create a noun that describes the action itself. You will see this -esh ending on many action nouns in Farsi!
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