Breakdown of پلیس شتابان و دوان به سمت ساختمان خطرناک رفت.
و
and
رفتنraftan
to go
دویدنdavidan
to run
خطرناکkhatarnâk
dangerous
ساختمانsâkhtemân
building
پلیسpolis
police
به سمتbe samt-e
towards
شتافتنshetâftan
to hurry / to rush
Questions & Answers about پلیس شتابان و دوان به سمت ساختمان خطرناک رفت.
How are the words شتابان (shetâbân) and دوان (davân) formed?
Both are present participles of manner, formed by taking the present stem of a verb and adding the suffix -ân (ان). For شتابان, the verb is شتافتن (shetâftan - to hurry, hasten) with the present stem شتاب (shetâb). For دوان, the verb is دویدن (davidan - to run) with the present stem دو (dav).
What role do شتابان and دوان play in this sentence?
Here, they act as adverbs describing how the action was done. Together, they mean the police went "hurrying and running." Adding -ân to a present stem is a very common way in Farsi to describe the state or manner in which someone performs the main verb.
The English translation says the police "ran", but the Farsi verb is رفت (went). Why is that?
Farsi often uses a general verb of motion like رفت (went) or آمد (came) as the main verb, and uses present participles like دوان (running) to describe the manner of movement. So while English says "ran hastily," Farsi literally says "went hurrying and running."
Why is there an ezafe (the short 'e' sound) after سمت in به سمت ساختمان?
The word سمت means "direction" or "side." When used as a compound preposition meaning "towards" (به سمت), it needs an ezafe to connect it to the following noun, just like a noun-noun pair. It literally translates as "to the direction of the building."
What does the suffix ناک (-nâk) do in the word خطرناک?
The suffix -nâk is added to nouns to form adjectives meaning "full of" or "causing" that noun. Here, it attaches to خطر (khatar - danger) to make خطرناک (khatarnâk - dangerous).
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