Breakdown of چون از تاریکی میترسید، با وحشت گریان و دوان رسید.
و
and
ازaz
from
باbâ
with
دویدنdavidan
to run
Questions & Answers about چون از تاریکی میترسید، با وحشت گریان و دوان رسید.
How do we get the words geryân (crying) and davân (running)?
These words are present participles that show the manner of an action. You form them by taking the present stem of a verb and adding -ân. For geristan (to cry), the present stem is gery, making geryân. For davidan (to run), the present stem is dav, making davân. Here, they act as adverbs showing how she arrived.
Why does the sentence use az (from) instead of a word for 'of' before târiki (the dark)?
Farsi verbs often pair with specific prepositions that don't match English perfectly. The verb tarsidan (to fear/be afraid) always takes the preposition az. So in Farsi, you are literally afraid 'from' the dark, rather than 'of' it.
Why is the verb mitarsid used instead of the simple past tarsid?
mitarsid is in the past continuous tense, created by adding the prefix mi- to the past stem tarsid. It is used here because being afraid was an ongoing background state, which contrasts with the single, completed action of her arriving (resid, simple past).
I learned chon means 'like'. Why does it mean 'because' here?
While chon can mean 'like' or 'such as' (especially in formal writing), in modern everyday Farsi it is very frequently used as a conjunction meaning 'because' or 'since' to connect two clauses. It is essentially a shorter version of .