Word
راننده آرام رانندگی میکند مبادا بنزین تمام شود.
Meaning
The driver drives slowly lest the gasoline run out.
Part of speech
sentence
Pronunciation
Course
Breakdown of راننده آرام رانندگی میکند مبادا بنزین تمام شود.
راننده
driver
آرامârâm
quietly / slowly / calmly
رانندگی کردنrânandegi kardan
to drive
مباداmabâdâ
lest / so that not
Questions & Answers about راننده آرام رانندگی میکند مبادا بنزین تمام شود.
Why is the verb شود in the subjunctive form?
The word مبادا (lest / so that not) expresses a hypothetical or preventative purpose. Whenever you use مبادا to say you are doing something to prevent a future event, the verb in that clause must take the present subjunctive form. Here, that is تمام شود (from the infinitive تمام شدن).
Why isn't the second verb negative (نشود) if the translation is 'so that the gasoline does not run out'?
The conjunction مبادا already carries a built-in negative meaning. Just like the English word 'lest', you do not use a negative verb after it. You use the affirmative subjunctive (تمام شود) because مبادا already tells us we want to prevent this action from happening.
How does تمام شود translate to 'run out' in English?
The compound verb تمام شدن literally means 'to become finished' or 'to end'. In Farsi, when supplies, time, money, or ingredients run out, we say they 'become finished'. So, بنزین تمام شود literally means 'the gasoline becomes finished'.
Why isn't there a را after بنزین?
It is tempting to think of the gasoline as the object being acted upon, but in the second clause, بنزین is actually the subject. The action is the gasoline finishing itself. Since را only marks specific direct objects, it is never used for a subject.