Question 1

How does پسری که کیفش translate to 'whose bag'?

Accepted Answer

In Farsi, there is no single word for 'whose'. Instead, the literal translation is 'the boy that his bag'. First, the main noun takes the relative -i suffix to show a clause is coming (پسری). Then comes که (that), followed by the possessed object with a possessive ending, which here is ش- in کیفش (his bag). Together, this structure is how you form 'whose' in Farsi.

Question 2

Why does سنگین have an -e at the end in سنگینه?

Accepted Answer

The -e at the end of سنگینه is the colloquial, shortened form of است (is). In written or formal Farsi, it would be سنگین است (is heavy). In conversational Farsi, است almost always attaches directly to the previous word as an -e sound.

Question 3

Why are two different words used for 'bag' (کیف and ساک)?

Accepted Answer

While both translate to 'bag' in English, they refer to different types of bags in Farsi. کیف usually means a backpack, briefcase, purse, or handbag. ساک refers to a duffel bag, sports bag, or a larger fabric tote bag. Using both helps clarify exactly which bag was heavy and which completely different bag was found.

Question 4

How does گمشده function as the word 'lost' here?

Accepted Answer

گمشده is a past participle made from the verb گم شدن (to become lost). By taking the past stem (گم شد) and adding an -e ending (ه), it turns into an adjective meaning 'lost'. It connects to the noun with an ezafe to make ساک گمشده (the lost bag), and is followed by رو because it is the specific direct object of the sentence.

اون پسری که کیفش سنگینه، ساک گمشده رو پیدا کرد.

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