Learn Farsi: مهندس‌ها لامپ‌های جدید را نیاورده‌اند. - The engineers have not brought the new lamps.

It is made by adding the negative prefix نـ to the past participle آورده, followed by the short "to be" ending for the third-person plural, اند. Together, this makes نیاورده‌اند (they have not brought).

Why is there a ی right after the negative prefix in نیاورده‌اند?

The base verb is آوردن (to bring), which starts with the vowel آ. When you attach the negative prefix نـ to a verb starting with آ, Farsi inserts a ی to separate the two vowel sounds. This makes it easier to pronounce, creating نیاورده‌اند (nayāvarde-and).

Why do we need the word را after لامپ‌های جدید?

The word را marks a specific, definite direct object. Because the engineers didn't bring the specific new lamps (as opposed to just any lamps), we place را right after لامپ‌های جدید to show it is the specific target of the verb.

How is the adjective "new" attached to the plural word "lamps"?

To connect a noun to its adjective, Farsi uses the ezafe sound. Because the plural word لامپ‌ها ends in the long vowel ا, the ezafe is pronounced "ye" and is written with the letter ی. This creates the link in .