Breakdown of او باید فردا ظرفها را بشوید.
او
he/she
فرداfardâ
tomorrow
راrâ
definite direct object marker
شستنshostan
to wash
Questions & Answers about او باید فردا ظرفها را بشوید.
Does the word bâyad (must) change depending on who is doing the action?
No, bâyad is an impersonal verb in Farsi. This means it only has one form and never changes, whether you are saying "I must", "she must", or "they must". The person who must do the action is shown by the ending of the main verb at the end of the sentence.
Why does the verb for "wash" start with be- (beshuyad) instead of mi-?
Because it follows bâyad (must). In Farsi, when you use a modal verb like "must", "want", or "can", the second verb goes into the subjunctive form. For most verbs, you make this by swapping the usual mi- prefix for be-.
How is beshuyad formed? It looks very different from the infinitive "to wash".
The infinitive for "to wash" is shostan, but it has an irregular present stem: shuy. To make the present subjunctive for "she", you combine the subjunctive prefix be-, the present stem -shuy-, and the third-person singular ending -ad.
Why do we need the word râ after zarf-hâ (dishes)?
The word râ is the definite direct object marker. Because she is washing specific dishes ("the" dishes) rather than just doing general dish-washing, we mark zarf-hâ with râ to show they are the specific target of the action.