Expressing Obligation: Must (باید)
To express that someone "must" or "has to" do something, use باید.
The word باید is an impersonal modal verb, meaning it never changes form regardless of the subject. When using باید, the main verb goes to the end of the clause in the present subjunctive.
Subject + باید + [Rest of Sentence] + Present Subjunctive
| I am sick and must take medicine. | من بیمار هستم و باید دارو بخورم.man bimâr hastam o bâyad dâru bokhoram. |
| She must wash the dishes tomorrow. | او باید فردا ظرفها را بشوید.u bâyad fardâ zarf-hâ râ beshuyad. |
| They must wash the dishes. | آنها باید ظرفها را بشویند.ânhâ bâyad zarf-hâ râ beshuyand. |
Compound Verbs with "Must"
With compound verbs, only the verbal part (the final word) changes to the subjunctive. The non-verbal part stays exactly as is.
| You must pay the water bill at eight o'clock. | تو باید ساعت هشت قبض آب را پرداخت کنی.to bâyad sâ'at hasht qabz âb râ pardâkht koni. |
| The students must prepare the project and send the report. | دانشجوها باید پروژه را آماده کنند و گزارش را بفرستند.dâneshjuhâ bâyad poroje râ âmâde konand va gozâresh râ beferestand. |
Using "To Be" in Obligations
If the obligation involves a state of being (such as "must be careful"), use the subjunctive form of "to be", built on the stem باش (e.g., باشیم for "we be", باشید for "you be").
| We must be careful and follow the rules. | ما باید مواظب باشیم و قانونها را رعایت کنیم.mâ bâyad movâzeb bâshim o qânun-hâ râ re'âyat konim. |
| You must be careful; the things are heavy. | شما باید مواظب باشید، وسایل سنگین هستند.shomâ bâyad movâzeb bâshid, vasâyel sangin hastand. |
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