Breakdown of باید لباس گرم بپوشی تا سرما نخوری.
گرمgarm
warm, hot
لباسlebâs
dress / clothes
پوشیدنpushidan
to wear
بایدbâyad
must
تاtâ
so that
سرما خوردنsarmâ khordan
to catch a cold
Questions & Answers about باید لباس گرم بپوشی تا سرما نخوری.
Why does نخوری start with نـ instead of the usual بـ for the subjunctive?
To make a subjunctive verb negative, we replace the بـ (be-) prefix with نـ (na-). The positive subjunctive for 'that you catch' is بخوری (bekhori), so the negative 'that you do not catch' becomes نخوری (nakhori).
Why is the verb نخوری used for catching a cold? Doesn't that verb mean 'to eat'?
Yes! In Farsi, the compound verb for catching a cold is سرما خوردن (sarma khordan), which literally translates to 'to eat cold'. Therefore, سرما نخوری literally means 'that you do not eat cold'.
Why is the first verb بپوشی (bepushi) in the subjunctive form?
The word باید (bayad), meaning 'must' or 'should', always requires the verb that follows it to be in the subjunctive form. Since the subject is 'you', we use the prefix بـ (be-), the stem پوش (push), and the 'you' ending ـی (-i).
The word تا (ta) usually means 'until'. Does it mean something different here?
Yes, تا can mean 'until', but when it connects two parts of a sentence like this, it often means 'so that' or 'in order to'. Just like باید, using تا to mean 'so that' requires the verb that follows it (نخوری) to be in the subjunctive.
How do we connect لباس (clothes) and گرم (warm) when speaking this sentence?
You need to use the ezāfe vowel (-e), even though it is not written out in the Persian script. You pronounce it as lebas-e garm. This invisible vowel links a noun to its adjective.
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