Learn Farsi: ما او را به مهمانی دعوت کردیم.

u means "he" or "she", but in this sentence, that person is the direct object (the one receiving the action of being invited). In Farsi, when a direct object is a specific, known person or thing, we must add the object marker râ right after it. So, u râ together acts as the independent object pronoun "him" or "her".

Could u râ also mean "her" in this sentence?

Yes! Farsi pronouns do not have gender. Because u can mean "he" or "she", u râ can mean "him" or "her" depending entirely on who you are talking about in context.

Why does the verb "invited" look like two words (da'vat kardim)?

This is a "compound verb", which is extremely common in Farsi. It is made of the noun da'vat (invitation) and the verb kardim (we did). Literally, the phrase means "we did an invitation". When you use compound verbs, only the second "helper" part changes to match the subject.

Why does the phrase be mehmâni (to the party) come before the verb?

Farsi sentence structure usually places the main verb at the very end of the sentence. Prepositional phrases like be mehmâni are tucked in right before that final verb (da'vat kardim), rather than after it like in English.