Learn Farsi: این کتاب چند صفحه دارد؟ - How many pages does this book have?

In Farsi, whenever you use the word چند (how many) or an exact number, the noun that follows it must be singular. So instead of saying 'how many pages', Farsi literally says 'how many page'.

Where is the word for 'does' in this question?

Farsi does not use helper verbs like 'do' or 'does' to make questions. The question word چند (how many) is all you need to show this is a question, along with a rising tone of voice when speaking.

Why does the sentence use دارد (has) instead of 'have' like the English translation?

The subject of the sentence is این کتاب (this book), which is a singular 'it'. Therefore, the verb takes the 'he/she/it' form, becoming دارد (it has). Since Farsi always puts the verb at the end, the sentence literally reads: 'This book how many page has?'

How do I know to pronounce صفحه with an 'e' sound at the end?

The word for page is pronounced 'safhe'. The final letter is a 'heh' (ه), and when it appears at the very end of a Farsi word, it usually acts as a vowel making a short 'e' sound rather than a consonant 'h' sound.