Questions & Answers about بله، این دفتر جدید است.
This sentence starts with بله. How would I ask the question that gets this answer?
To ask "Is this notebook new?", you can use the exact same word order but raise your voice at the end: این دفتر جدید است؟ You can also put the question word آیا at the very beginning to make it clearly a question from the start: آیا این دفتر جدید است؟
Why isn't there an ezafe sound connecting دفتر and جدید?
We use the ezafe vowel to connect a noun to an adjective inside a single phrase, like دفتر جدید (daftare jadid) for "the new notebook". But here, the sentence means "this notebook IS new". Because جدید is separated from the noun to work with the verb است (is), no ezafe is used on دفتر.
Does the word این (this) need an ezafe to connect to دفتر (notebook)?
No, demonstrative words like این (this) and آن (that) always come directly before the noun they point to, and they never take an ezafe.
I know that است often shrinks in casual speech. How would a native speaker say this sentence?
In everyday spoken Farsi, the verb است usually drops its first vowel and attaches to the word before it. So جدید است becomes جدیده (jadide). A native speaker would say: بله، این دفتر جدیده.