Questions & Answers about جواناند و خوشحالاند.
Where is the word for "they" in this sentence?
Farsi is a "pro-drop" language, which means it often drops the subject pronoun (like آنها for "they"). You can do this because the verb itself tells us who we are talking about. The suffix ـاند already means "they are", so adding the separate word for "they" isn't necessary.
Why is the verb for "are" attached directly to the adjectives?
In Farsi, the present tense of "to be" usually acts as a suffix rather than a standalone word. The ending ـاند (-and) attaches right onto the end of جوان (young) and خوشحال (happy).
Why does the sentence repeat the "are" ending on both words?
While in English you might just say "They are young and happy" to save time, Farsi often repeats the "to be" suffix on every adjective in a list. Because of this repetition, the sentence literally reads as "Young they-are and happy they-are."
Why doesn't the word جوان physically connect to the suffix اند in the Farsi text?
Suffixes like the "to be" endings are often typed with a special invisible space (called a half-space) before them. This keeps the letters from connecting normally, which makes it much easier for you to see the base word (جوان) and the suffix (اند) as separate pieces.