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To describe setting about a complex physical task, such as an artist tackling a massive block of ice, Farsi uses a specific formal verb of engagement.

### The Verb پرداختن به

The verb **پرداختن** combined with the preposition **به** translates to "to set about", "to engage in", or "to address".

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To use it, place the preposition **به** followed by the activity (a noun or a long infinitive), and put the conjugated form of **پرداختن** at the end of the phrase.

### Engaging in a Noun

When **به** is followed by a standard noun, this structure expresses engaging in a specific activity, event, or task.

{{item:818951}}

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### Setting About an Action

To express setting about *doing* something, follow **به** with a long infinitive. In Farsi, the long infinitive is the dictionary form of a verb (ending in **ـدن** or **ـتن**), which functions as a verbal noun (like a gerund in English).

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### Moods and Negation

Because **پرداختن** behaves like any regular Farsi verb, it can be conjugated into different tenses and moods. To form the negative, add the **نـ** prefix.

{{item:818965}}

To suggest or command an action, use the subjunctive mood by adding the **بـ** prefix.

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Verbs of engagement (pardâkhtan be)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

suffix

verb

Singular pronouns and copula (man, -am)

Plural pronouns and copula (mâ, -im)

Subject pronoun omission

Singular demonstratives (in, ân)

Plural demonstratives (inhâ, ânhâ)

Independent copula (hastam, hast)

Negative present copula (nistam, nist)

Yes/No questions (âyâ)

Regular plurals (-hâ)

Animate plurals (-ân)

Indefiniteness (yek)

Indefinite marker (-i)

Describing nouns (-e / -ye)

Possession (-e / -ye)

Singular possessives (-am, -at, -ash)

Plural possessives (-emân, -etân, -eshân)

Basic prepositions (dar, be, az, bâ)

Spatial prepositions (ru-ye, zir-e...)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yek, do, se...)

Numbers and singular nouns

Numbers 11 to 20 (yâzdah, davâzdah...)

Counting by tens to 100

Telling time (sâ'at)

The verb to have (dâram)

Negative to have (nadâram)

Basic word order (SOV)

Infinitives and present stems (-an)

Present indicative (mi-)

Negative present indicative (nemi-)

Compound verbs

Question words (che, kojâ)

How many (chand)

The definite object marker (râ)

Object pronouns (man râ, to râ)

Singular commands (be-)

Formal and plural commands (be- ... -id)

Negative commands (na-)

The present subjunctive (be-)

The negative present subjunctive (na-)

Must (bâyad)

Might (shâyad)

Wanting to do something (khâstan)

Being able to do something (tavânestan)

Forming the past stem

The simple past of to be (budan)

The simple past tense

Negative simple past (na-)

Attached object pronouns on verbs (-am, -at, -ash)

Comparative adjectives (-tar)

Basic conjunctions (va, ammâ, yâ)

Giving reasons (chon)

Adverbs of frequency and degree (hamishe, hargez, kheyli, kam)

Everyday actions (kâr kardan, bâz kardan)

Non-human plural subjects

Indefinite pronouns (kasi, chizi, jâyi)

Negative indefinite pronouns (hich-kas, hich-chiz, hich-jâ)

Reciprocal pronouns (hamdigar, yekdigar)

Reflexive pronouns (khod-)

Reflexive direct objects (khod râ)

Emphatic pronouns (khod)

The quantifier every (har)

The quantifier all (hame)

The quantifier some (ba'zi)

Another and other (-i digar)

Which (kodâm)

How much (cheghadr)

Comparisons of equality (mesl-e)

Superlative adjectives (-tarin)

Irregular comparatives and superlatives

Ordinal numbers (-om)

Pre-nominal ordinal numbers (-omin)

Fractions and percentages

Prepositions of theme (dar mored-e)

Prepositions of time (ghabl az, ba'd az)

Preposition of exclusion (bedun-e)

Resultative conjunctions (banâbarin, pas)

Hortative construction (biyâ, biyâyid)

The present progressive tense (dâram mi-)

The past continuous tense (mi-)

Negative past continuous (ne-mi-)

Past continuous of to have (dâshtam)

The past progressive tense (dâshtam mi-)

The past participle (-e)

Present perfect tense (-e-am, -e-ast)

Negative present perfect (na-)

Question	Answer
sculptor (of figures/statues)	پیکرتراشpeykartarâsh
impatiently	بی‌صبرانهbisabrâne
to set about / to engage in	پرداختن بهpardâkhtan be
cube	مکعبmoka'ab
The sculptor impatiently set about carving the huge ice cube.	پیکرتراش بی‌صبرانه به تراشیدن مکعب یخ بزرگ پرداخت.peykar-tarâsh bisabrâne be tarâshidan-e moka'ab-e yakh-e bozorg pardâkht.
stopwatch / timer	زمان‌سنجzamân-sanj
excitement	هیجانhayajân
After setting the stopwatch, the artists excitedly engaged in the competition.	بعد از تنظیم زمان‌سنج، هنرمندان با هیجان به مسابقه پرداختند.ba'd az tanzim-e zamân-sanj, honarmandân bâ hayajân be mosâbeqe pardâkhtand.
judging / arbitration	داوریdâvari
Let's carefully engage in judging the masterpieces of this competition!	بیایید با دقت به داوری شاهکارهای این مسابقه بپردازیم!biyâyid bâ deqqat be dâvari-ye shâhkârhâ-ye in mosâbeqe bepardâzim!
freezing (process)	انجمادenjemâd
The freezing time of this cube is not predictable.	زمان انجماد این مکعب، قابل پیش‌بینی نیست.zamâne enjemâde in moka'ab, qâbel-e pishbini nist.
chisel	اسکنهeskane
The chisel that I gave the sculptor is very sharp.	اسکنه‌ای که آن را به پیکرتراش دادم، خیلی تیز است.eskene-i ke ân râ be peykartarâsh dâdam, kheyli tiz ast.
The spectators are impatiently waiting for the judging of the competition.	تماشاگران بی‌صبرانه منتظر داوری مسابقه هستند.tamâshâgarân bisabrâne montazer-e dâvari-ye mosâbeqe hastand.
With the sound of the stopwatch, the spectators excitedly set about photographing.	با صدای زمان‌سنج، تماشاگران با هیجان به عکاسی پرداختند.bâ sedâ-ye zamân-sanj, tamâshâgarân bâ hayajân be akkâsi pardâkhtand.
The freezing of the water at this stage makes the judging difficult.	انجماد آب در این مرحله، داوری را سخت می‌کند.enjemâd-e âb dar in marhale, dâvari râ sakht mikonad.
The sculptor set about carving the ice block with a chisel.	پیکرتراش با اسکنه به تراشیدن مکعب یخ پرداخت.peykartarâsh bâ eskene be tarâshidan-e moka'ab-e yakh pardâkht.
beginning / start	آغازâghâz
immediately	بلافاصلهbelâfâsele
Right at the beginning, the best sculptor immediately set to work.	در همین آغاز، بهترین پیکرتراش بلافاصله به کار پرداخت.dar hamin âghâz, behtarin peykar-tarâsh belâfâsele be kâr pardâkht.
Before the start, no one set about carving the ice.	قبل از آغاز، هیچ‌کس به تراشیدن یخ نپرداخت.ghabl az âghâz, hich-kas be tarâshidan-e yakh napardâkht.
As for that very timer, the referee immediately started it.	همان زمان‌سنج را داور بلافاصله شروع کرد.hamân zamân-sanj râ dâvar belâfâsele shoru' kard