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You already know the specific direct object marker **را** from written Persian. It flags the definite target of your sentence—the specific thing or person you are looking for, picking up, or dropping off.

In conversational Persian, this marker reduces and blends into the word before it. It takes one of two forms depending on whether the preceding noun ends in a consonant or a vowel.

### After a Consonant: ـو

If the noun ends in a consonant, the marker drops its initial sound entirely and attaches to the end of the noun as the suffix **ـو**.

| Written | Spoken |
|---|---|
| مسافر را | مسافرو |
| سوییچ را | سوییچو |
| کیف پول را | کیف پولو |

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### After a Vowel: رو

If the noun ends in a vowel, the marker changes to **رو** and remains a separate word.

| Written | Spoken |
|---|---|
| کوله‌پشتی را | کوله‌پشتی رو |
| خانه را | خونه رو |

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Whether you are running errands or picking up passengers, keeping an ear out for **ـو** and **رو** is essential for understanding everyday spoken Persian.

Spoken Persian: the object marker (رو / ـو)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

suffix

verb

Singular pronouns and copula (man, -am)

Plural pronouns and copula (mâ, -im)

Subject pronoun omission

Singular demonstratives (in, ân)

Plural demonstratives (inhâ, ânhâ)

Independent copula (hastam, hast)

Negative present copula (nistam, nist)

Yes/No questions (âyâ)

Regular plurals (-hâ)

Animate plurals (-ân)

Indefiniteness (yek)

Indefinite marker (-i)

Describing nouns (-e / -ye)

Possession (-e / -ye)

Singular possessives (-am, -at, -ash)

Plural possessives (-emân, -etân, -eshân)

Basic prepositions (dar, be, az, bâ)

Spatial prepositions (ru-ye, zir-e...)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yek, do, se...)

Numbers and singular nouns

Numbers 11 to 20 (yâzdah, davâzdah...)

Counting by tens to 100

Telling time (sâ'at)

The verb to have (dâram)

Negative to have (nadâram)

Basic word order (SOV)

Infinitives and present stems (-an)

Present indicative (mi-)

Negative present indicative (nemi-)

Compound verbs

Question words (che, kojâ)

How many (chand)

The definite object marker (râ)

Object pronouns (man râ, to râ)

Singular commands (be-)

Formal and plural commands (be- ... -id)

Negative commands (na-)

The present subjunctive (be-)

The negative present subjunctive (na-)

Must (bâyad)

Might (shâyad)

Wanting to do something (khâstan)

Being able to do something (tavânestan)

Forming the past stem

The simple past of to be (budan)

The simple past tense

Negative simple past (na-)

Attached object pronouns on verbs (-am, -at, -ash)

Comparative adjectives (-tar)

Basic conjunctions (va, ammâ, yâ)

Giving reasons (chon)

Adverbs of frequency and degree (hamishe, hargez, kheyli, kam)

Everyday actions (kâr kardan, bâz kardan)

Non-human plural subjects

Indefinite pronouns (kasi, chizi, jâyi)

Negative indefinite pronouns (hich-kas, hich-chiz, hich-jâ)

Reciprocal pronouns (hamdigar, yekdigar)

Reflexive pronouns (khod-)

Reflexive direct objects (khod râ)

Emphatic pronouns (khod)

The quantifier every (har)

The quantifier all (hame)

The quantifier some (ba'zi)

Another and other (-i digar)

Which (kodâm)

How much (cheghadr)

Comparisons of equality (mesl-e)

Superlative adjectives (-tarin)

Irregular comparatives and superlatives

Ordinal numbers (-om)

Pre-nominal ordinal numbers (-omin)

Fractions and percentages

Prepositions of theme (dar mored-e)

Prepositions of time (ghabl az, ba'd az)

Preposition of exclusion (bedun-e)

Resultative conjunctions (banâbarin, pas)

Hortative construction (biyâ, biyâyid)

The present progressive tense (dâram mi-)

The past continuous tense (mi-)

Negative past continuous (ne-mi-)

Past continuous of to have (dâshtam)

The past progressive tense (dâshtam mi-)

The past participle (-e)

Present perfect tense (-e-am, -e-ast)

Negative present perfect (na-)

Question	Answer
backpack	کوله‌پشتیkule-poshti
to leave behind	جا گذاشتنjâ gozâshtan
I left the backpack inside the car.	کوله‌پشتی رو داخل ماشین جا گذاشتم.kuleh-poshti ro dâkhel mâshin jâ gozâshtam.
car keys	سوییچsuyich
to pick up / to take (a step)	برداشتنbardâshtan
I am taking the car keys.	سوییچو برمی‌دارم.sooeecho barmidâram.
terminal	ترمینالterminâl
to pick up (a passenger)	سوار کردنsavâr kardan
He is picking up the passenger next to the terminal.	مسافرو کنار ترمینال سوار می‌کنه.mosâfero kenâre terminâl savâr mikone.
airport	فرودگاهforudgâh
to drop off / to deliver / to convey	رساندنresândan
I drop the passenger off at the airport.	من مسافرو به فرودگاه می‌رسونم.man mosâfer-o be forudgâh miresunam.
waiting	منتظرmontazer
The passenger is waiting, so I am picking up the backpack early.	مسافر منتظره، پس کوله‌پشتی رو زود برمی‌دارم.mosâfer montazere, pas kule-poshti ro zud bar-mi-dâram.
You are picking up the passenger either next to the airport or next to the terminal.	مسافرو یا کنار فرودگاه سوار می‌کنی یا کنار ترمینال.mosâfero yâ kenâr-e forudgâh savâr mikoni yâ kenâr-e terminâl.
wallet	کیف پولkif-e pul
I had left the wallet inside the house.	کیف پولو داخل خونه جا گذاشته بودم.kife pulo dâkhele khune jâ gozâshte budam
The driver drops off the passenger early.	راننده مسافرو زود می‌رسونه.rânande mosâfero zud miresune.
I am picking up both the car keys and the wallet.	من هم سوییچو برمی‌دارم هم کیف پولو.man ham suicho barmidâram ham kif-e pulo.
Why did you leave the backpack inside the terminal?	چرا کوله‌پشتی رو داخل ترمینال جا گذاشتی؟cherâ kule-poshti ro dâkhel terminâl jâ gozâshti?
I am waiting, but I do not see the wallet.	من منتظرم، ولی کیف پولو نمی‌بینم.man montazeram, vali kif-e pulo nemibinam.