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### Forming Singular Commands

When you want to give a direct instruction or command to one person informally (like a friend or family member), use the singular imperative form.

To build an affirmative singular command, attach the prefix **بـ** (or **ب**) to the **present stem** of the verb.

| Infinitive | Present Stem | Command | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| **نشستن** | **نشین** | **بنشین** | Sit! |
| **نوشیدن** | **نوش** | **بنوش** | Drink! |
| **پرسیدن** | **پرس** | **بپرس** | Ask! |
| **دویدن** | **دو** | **بدو** | Run! |

### Commands in Action

Let's look at how these verbs are used to give instructions. Notice how the command verb is typically placed at the very end of the sentence.

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### More Common Commands

The rule applies consistently across verbs, even those with irregular present stems like **بردن** (to take) and **گذاشتن** (to put).

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Singular commands (be-)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

suffix

verb

Singular pronouns and copula (man, -am)

Plural pronouns and copula (mâ, -im)

Subject pronoun omission

Singular demonstratives (in, ân)

Plural demonstratives (inhâ, ânhâ)

Independent copula (hastam, hast)

Negative present copula (nistam, nist)

Yes/No questions (âyâ)

Regular plurals (-hâ)

Animate plurals (-ân)

Indefiniteness (yek)

Indefinite marker (-i)

Describing nouns (-e / -ye)

Possession (-e / -ye)

Singular possessives (-am, -at, -ash)

Plural possessives (-emân, -etân, -eshân)

Basic prepositions (dar, be, az, bâ)

Spatial prepositions (ru-ye, zir-e...)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yek, do, se...)

Numbers and singular nouns

Numbers 11 to 20 (yâzdah, davâzdah...)

Counting by tens to 100

Telling time (sâ'at)

The verb to have (dâram)

Negative to have (nadâram)

Basic word order (SOV)

Infinitives and present stems (-an)

Present indicative (mi-)

Negative present indicative (nemi-)

Compound verbs

Question words (che, kojâ)

How many (chand)

The definite object marker (râ)

Object pronouns (man râ, to râ)

Formal and plural commands (be- ... -id)

Negative commands (na-)

The present subjunctive (be-)

The negative present subjunctive (na-)

Must (bâyad)

Might (shâyad)

Wanting to do something (khâstan)

Being able to do something (tavânestan)

Forming the past stem

The simple past of to be (budan)

The simple past tense

Negative simple past (na-)

Attached object pronouns on verbs (-am, -at, -ash)

Comparative adjectives (-tar)

Basic conjunctions (va, ammâ, yâ)

Giving reasons (chon)

Adverbs of frequency and degree (hamishe, hargez, kheyli, kam)

Everyday actions (kâr kardan, bâz kardan)

Non-human plural subjects

Indefinite pronouns (kasi, chizi, jâyi)

Negative indefinite pronouns (hich-kas, hich-chiz, hich-jâ)

Reciprocal pronouns (hamdigar, yekdigar)

Reflexive pronouns (khod-)

Reflexive direct objects (khod râ)

Emphatic pronouns (khod)

The quantifier every (har)

The quantifier all (hame)

The quantifier some (ba'zi)

Another and other (-i digar)

Which (kodâm)

How much (cheghadr)

Comparisons of equality (mesl-e)

Superlative adjectives (-tarin)

Irregular comparatives and superlatives

Ordinal numbers (-om)

Pre-nominal ordinal numbers (-omin)

Fractions and percentages

Prepositions of theme (dar mored-e)

Prepositions of time (ghabl az, ba'd az)

Preposition of exclusion (bedun-e)

Resultative conjunctions (banâbarin, pas)

Hortative construction (biyâ, biyâyid)

The present progressive tense (dâram mi-)

The past continuous tense (mi-)

Negative past continuous (ne-mi-)

Past continuous of to have (dâshtam)

The past progressive tense (dâshtam mi-)

The past participle (-e)

Present perfect tense (-e-am, -e-ast)

Negative present perfect (na-)

Present perfect of compound verbs

Question	Answer
ground	زمینzamin
to sit	نشستنneshastan
Please sit on the ground.	لطفاً روی زمین بنشین.lotfan ruye zamin beneshin.
Sit on this chair.	روی این صندلی بنشین.ru-ye in sandali beneshin.
to drink	نوشیدنnushidan
Drink this cold water.	این آب سرد را بنوش.in âb-e sard râ benush.
Drink your coffee.	قهوه‌ات را بنوش.ghahve-at râ benush.
to ask	پرسیدنporsidan
Ask the teacher a question.	یک سوال از معلم بپرس.yek soâl az mo'allem bepors.
Ask me!	از من بپرس!az man bepors!
fast	تندtond
to run	دویدنdavidan
Run fast!	تند بدو!tond bedo!
Run every day.	هر روز بدو.har ruz bedow.
to take (away, carry)	بردنbordan
Take this book to the house.	این کتاب را به خانه ببر.in ketâb râ be khâne bebar.
Take my heavy bag.	کیف سنگینم را ببر.kif sangin-am râ bebar.
to put	گذاشتنgozâshtan
Put your book on the table.	کتابت را روی میز بگذار.ketâbat râ ruye miz begozâr.
Put the money on the ground.	پول را روی زمین بگذار.pul râ ru-ye zamin begozâr.
to send	فرستادنferestâdan
Send an email to the professor.	یک ایمیل برای استاد بفرست.yek imeyl barâye ostâd beferest.
Send this letter quickly.	این نامه را زود بفرست.in nâme râ zud beferest.
quietly / slowly / calmly	آرامârâm
Read this story quietly.	این داستان را آرام بخوان.in dâstân râ ârâm bekhân.
Sleep peacefully.	آرام بخواب.ârâm bekhâb.
Write fast!	تند بنویس!tond benevis!