Breakdown of این داستان را آرام بخوان.
این
this
خواندنkhândan
to read / to study (a subject)
راrâ
definite direct object marker
داستانdâstân
story
آرامârâm
quietly / slowly / calmly
Questions & Answers about این داستان را آرام بخوان.
How is the command بخوان formed in this sentence?
It is made by adding the prefix بـ (be-) to the present stem of the verb خواندن (khāndan - to read), which is خوان (khān). Because you are giving a command to one person (singular), you don't add any personal endings to the end of the stem.
Why is the letter "vav" (و) silent in بخوان?
The present stem خوان (khān) contains a "vav" that was pronounced historically but is silent in modern Farsi. You will see this silent "vav" in a few common words, such as خواهر (khāhar - sister) and خواب (khāb - sleep). You simply pronounce the word as "bekhān".
Why do we need the word را (rā) here?
را (rā) is the specific direct object marker. You use it because you are telling someone to read a specific object (this story, or این داستان). Farsi requires را right after the specific object to show that it is receiving the action of the verb.
The word آرام (ārām) means "quiet" or "calm". Why does it mean "quietly" here?
In Farsi, you do not need to add a special ending (like "-ly" in English) to turn an adjective into an adverb. You just use the normal adjective to describe how an action is done. Here, آرام describes how to read the story, so it translates to "quietly" or "slowly".
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