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### On the Movie Set

Making a film involves a lot of moving parts. We are going to narrate the tense, fast-paced atmosphere of a movie set and learn how to describe overlapping events.

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### "During" with هنگام

Use the formal preposition of time هنگام to say "during" or "at the time of" an event. It requires an *ezafe* (the invisible "e" sound) to link to the following noun (هنگامِ).

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### "In the midst of" with در حین

The phrase در حین also means "during" or "in the midst of." Like هنگام, it is formal and connects to the following noun phrase with an *ezafe* (در حینِ).

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### Using Prepositions with Actions

Conjunctions like وقتی که or در حالی که ("while") are followed by a full clause with a conjugated verb. 

Prepositions like هنگام and در حین, however, must be followed by a noun. To describe an action with these prepositions, use the verb's infinitive form (ending in ن), which acts as a verbal noun. The preposition links to it with an *ezafe*.

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Simultaneous time (hengâm-e, dar heyn-e)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

suffix

verb

Singular pronouns and copula (man, -am)

Plural pronouns and copula (mâ, -im)

Subject pronoun omission

Singular demonstratives (in, ân)

Plural demonstratives (inhâ, ânhâ)

Independent copula (hastam, hast)

Negative present copula (nistam, nist)

Yes/No questions (âyâ)

Regular plurals (-hâ)

Animate plurals (-ân)

Indefiniteness (yek)

Indefinite marker (-i)

Describing nouns (-e / -ye)

Possession (-e / -ye)

Singular possessives (-am, -at, -ash)

Plural possessives (-emân, -etân, -eshân)

Basic prepositions (dar, be, az, bâ)

Spatial prepositions (ru-ye, zir-e...)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yek, do, se...)

Numbers and singular nouns

Numbers 11 to 20 (yâzdah, davâzdah...)

Counting by tens to 100

Telling time (sâ'at)

The verb to have (dâram)

Negative to have (nadâram)

Basic word order (SOV)

Infinitives and present stems (-an)

Present indicative (mi-)

Negative present indicative (nemi-)

Compound verbs

Question words (che, kojâ)

How many (chand)

The definite object marker (râ)

Object pronouns (man râ, to râ)

Singular commands (be-)

Formal and plural commands (be- ... -id)

Negative commands (na-)

The present subjunctive (be-)

The negative present subjunctive (na-)

Must (bâyad)

Might (shâyad)

Wanting to do something (khâstan)

Being able to do something (tavânestan)

Forming the past stem

The simple past of to be (budan)

The simple past tense

Negative simple past (na-)

Attached object pronouns on verbs (-am, -at, -ash)

Comparative adjectives (-tar)

Basic conjunctions (va, ammâ, yâ)

Giving reasons (chon)

Adverbs of frequency and degree (hamishe, hargez, kheyli, kam)

Everyday actions (kâr kardan, bâz kardan)

Non-human plural subjects

Indefinite pronouns (kasi, chizi, jâyi)

Negative indefinite pronouns (hich-kas, hich-chiz, hich-jâ)

Reciprocal pronouns (hamdigar, yekdigar)

Reflexive pronouns (khod-)

Reflexive direct objects (khod râ)

Emphatic pronouns (khod)

The quantifier every (har)

The quantifier all (hame)

The quantifier some (ba'zi)

Another and other (-i digar)

Which (kodâm)

How much (cheghadr)

Comparisons of equality (mesl-e)

Superlative adjectives (-tarin)

Irregular comparatives and superlatives

Ordinal numbers (-om)

Pre-nominal ordinal numbers (-omin)

Fractions and percentages

Prepositions of theme (dar mored-e)

Prepositions of time (ghabl az, ba'd az)

Preposition of exclusion (bedun-e)

Resultative conjunctions (banâbarin, pas)

Hortative construction (biyâ, biyâyid)

The present progressive tense (dâram mi-)

The past continuous tense (mi-)

Negative past continuous (ne-mi-)

Past continuous of to have (dâshtam)

The past progressive tense (dâshtam mi-)

The past participle (-e)

Present perfect tense (-e-am, -e-ast)

Negative present perfect (na-)

Question	Answer
sequence / scene (film)	سکانسsekâns
fast-paced / rapid (accelerated)	پرشتابporshetâb
tense / agitated	متشنجmoteshannej
The film sequence was very fast-paced and tense.	این سکانس فیلم خیلی پرشتاب و متشنج بود.in sekâns-e film kheyli por-shetâb va moteshannej bud
during / at the time of (an event or action)	هنگامhangâm
hectic / frantic	پرالتهابporeltehâb
During the filming of this scene, the situation was hectic.	هنگام فیلم‌برداری این صحنه، اوضاع پرالتهاب بود.hengâm-e film-bardâri-ye in sahne, owzâ' poreltehâb bud.
spotlight / projector	پروژکتورporozhektor
Before the fast-paced filming, they had prepared the spotlights.	قبل از فیلم‌برداری پرشتاب، پروژکتورها را آماده کرده بودند.ghabl az film-bardâri por-shetâb, porozhektorhâ râ âmâde karde budand.
time / during (used in 'dar heyn-e')	حینheyn
During the lighting, the spotlight fell.	در حین نورپردازی، پروژکتور افتاد.dar heen-e noor-pardâzi, prozhektor oftâd.
During this hectic sequence, the director was shouting.	در حین این سکانس پرالتهاب، کارگردان فریاد می‌زد.dar heen-e in sekâns-e por-eltehâb, kârgardân faryâd mizad.
extra / background actor (film or theater)	هنرورhonarvar
When the extras were walking, the situation became tense.	وقتی که هنرورها راه می‌رفتند، اوضاع متشنج شد.vaghti ke honarvarhâ râh miraftand, owzâ' moteshannej shod.
The camera broke during the extras' run.	هنگام دویدن هنرورها، دوربین شکست.hengâm-e davidan-e honarvarhâ, dorbin shekast.
location (film set)	لوکیشنlokeyshen
clapperboard	کلاکتkelâket
While the sound recordist was working at the location, someone hit the clapperboard.	در حالی که صدابردار در لوکیشن کار می‌کرد، کسی کلاکت را زد.dar hâli ke sedâbardâr dar lokishen kâr mikard, kasi klâket râ zad.
Someone hit the clapperboard during the director's speech.	کسی هنگام صحبت کردن کارگردان، کلاکت را زد.kasi hengâm-e sohbat kardan-e kârgardân, kelâket râ zad.
We must remain silent during this fast-paced sequence.	در حین این سکانس پرشتاب، باید سکوت کنیم.dar heyn in sekâns por-shetâb, bâyad sokut konim.
During the lighting, the extras had stood at the location.	در حین نورپردازی، هنرورها در لوکیشن ایستاده بودند.dar heen-e nurpardâzi, honarvarhâ dar lukeyshen istâde budand.
During the filming at the location, the spotlight suddenly burned out.	در حین فیلم‌برداری در لوکیشن، پروژکتور ناگهان سوخت.dar heen-e film-bardâri dar lukeyshan, perojektor nâgahân sukht.
now (formal, written)	اکنونaknun
They are now shooting the fast-paced sequence.	اکنون سکانس پرشتاب را می‌گیرند.aknun sekâns por-shetâb râ migirand.
The extras are now on location.	هنرورها اکنون در لوکیشن هستند.honarvarhâ aknun dar lokeyshan hastand.

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