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### The Receptacle Suffix: دان

In Farsi, you can create a word for a container, holder, or receptacle by adding the suffix دان to a noun. If you know the word for what goes inside, you can easily form the word for the container.

For example, sugar cubes (قند) go in a sugar bowl (قندان), and tea (چای) goes in a tea caddy (چای‌دان).

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This suffix works for all kinds of items, like spices (ادویه), salt (نمک), and pepper (فلفل):

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You can also use دان to name holders for utensils (like spoons, قاشق) and even ice (یخ):

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The pattern applies to sweets (شیرینی) and even trash (زباله):

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Receptacle suffixes (-dân)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

suffix

verb

Singular pronouns and copula (man, -am)

Plural pronouns and copula (mâ, -im)

Subject pronoun omission

Singular demonstratives (in, ân)

Plural demonstratives (inhâ, ânhâ)

Independent copula (hastam, hast)

Negative present copula (nistam, nist)

Yes/No questions (âyâ)

Regular plurals (-hâ)

Animate plurals (-ân)

Indefiniteness (yek)

Indefinite marker (-i)

Describing nouns (-e / -ye)

Possession (-e / -ye)

Singular possessives (-am, -at, -ash)

Plural possessives (-emân, -etân, -eshân)

Basic prepositions (dar, be, az, bâ)

Spatial prepositions (ru-ye, zir-e...)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yek, do, se...)

Numbers and singular nouns

Numbers 11 to 20 (yâzdah, davâzdah...)

Counting by tens to 100

Telling time (sâ'at)

The verb to have (dâram)

Negative to have (nadâram)

Basic word order (SOV)

Infinitives and present stems (-an)

Present indicative (mi-)

Negative present indicative (nemi-)

Compound verbs

Question words (che, kojâ)

How many (chand)

The definite object marker (râ)

Object pronouns (man râ, to râ)

Singular commands (be-)

Formal and plural commands (be- ... -id)

Negative commands (na-)

The present subjunctive (be-)

The negative present subjunctive (na-)

Must (bâyad)

Might (shâyad)

Wanting to do something (khâstan)

Being able to do something (tavânestan)

Forming the past stem

The simple past of to be (budan)

The simple past tense

Negative simple past (na-)

Attached object pronouns on verbs (-am, -at, -ash)

Comparative adjectives (-tar)

Basic conjunctions (va, ammâ, yâ)

Giving reasons (chon)

Adverbs of frequency and degree (hamishe, hargez, kheyli, kam)

Everyday actions (kâr kardan, bâz kardan)

Non-human plural subjects

Indefinite pronouns (kasi, chizi, jâyi)

Negative indefinite pronouns (hich-kas, hich-chiz, hich-jâ)

Reciprocal pronouns (hamdigar, yekdigar)

Reflexive pronouns (khod-)

Reflexive direct objects (khod râ)

Emphatic pronouns (khod)

The quantifier every (har)

The quantifier all (hame)

The quantifier some (ba'zi)

Another and other (-i digar)

Which (kodâm)

How much (cheghadr)

Comparisons of equality (mesl-e)

Superlative adjectives (-tarin)

Irregular comparatives and superlatives

Ordinal numbers (-om)

Pre-nominal ordinal numbers (-omin)

Fractions and percentages

Prepositions of theme (dar mored-e)

Prepositions of time (ghabl az, ba'd az)

Preposition of exclusion (bedun-e)

Resultative conjunctions (banâbarin, pas)

Hortative construction (biyâ, biyâyid)

The present progressive tense (dâram mi-)

The past continuous tense (mi-)

Negative past continuous (ne-mi-)

Past continuous of to have (dâshtam)

The past progressive tense (dâshtam mi-)

The past participle (-e)

Present perfect tense (-e-am, -e-ast)

Negative present perfect (na-)

Question	Answer
sugar bowl	قندانghandân
tea caddy / tea container	چای‌دانchâydân
Please put the sugar bowl and the tea caddy on the table.	لطفاً قندان و چای‌دان را روی میز بگذارید.lotfan ghandân va châydân râ ruye miz begzârid.
spice jar	ادویه‌دانadviyeh-dân
spice	ادویهadviye
The chef never puts the spice jar on the table without spice.	سرآشپز هیچ‌وقت ادویه‌دان را بدون ادویه روی میز نمی‌گذارد.sarâshpaz hich-vaght adviye-dân râ bedun-e adviye ruye miz nemigozârad.
salt shaker	نمکدانnamakdân
pepper shaker	فلفل‌دانfelfeldân
One of the best restaurants does not have a salt shaker and a pepper shaker.	یکی از بهترین رستوران‌ها نمکدان و فلفل‌دان ندارد.yeki az behtarin restorân-hâ namak-dân va felfel-dân nadârad.
cutlery holder	قاشق‌دانqâshoqdân
After washing, put the forks in the cutlery holder.	بعد از شست‌وشو، چنگال‌ها را در قاشق‌دان بگذار.ba'd az shostoshu, changâl-hâ râ dar qâshoqdân begzâr.
icebox / cooler	یخدانyakhdân
The waiter brought the cooler for me.	گارسون یخدان را برایم آورد.gârson yakhdân râ barâyam âvard.
dustbin / garbage can	زباله‌دانzobâledân
He threw the empty box in the dustbin.	او جعبه‌ی خالی را در زباله‌دان انداخت.u ja'be-ye khâli râ dar zobâle-dân andâkht.
sweets bowl / candy dish	شیرینی‌دانshirini-dân
The sweets bowl is one of the best dishes here.	شیرینی‌دان یکی از بهترین ظرف‌های اینجاست.shirini-dân yeki az behtarin zarf-hâ-ye injâst.
I never put the tea caddy on the table without the sugar bowl.	من هرگز چای‌دان را بدون قندان روی میز نمی‌گذارم.man hargez châydân râ bedun-e qandân ruye miz nemigozâram.
The waiter put the pepper shaker next to me.	گارسون فلفل‌دان را کنارم گذاشت.gârson felfeldân râ kenâram gozâsht.
Please take the empty bottles from the cooler and throw them in the dustbin.	لطفاً بطری‌های خالی را از یخدان بردار و در زباله‌دان بینداز.lotfan botri-hâ-ye khâli râ az yakhdân bardâr va dar zobâledân biandâz.
The waiter filled the sweets bowl, but the cutlery holder was still empty.	گارسون شیرینی‌دان را پر کرد، اما قاشق‌دان هنوز خالی بود.gârson shirini-dân râ por kard, ammâ qâshoq-dân hanuz khâli bud.
We need spice and a new spice jar for cooking.	ما برای پخت‌وپز به ادویه و یک ادویه‌دان جدید نیاز داریم.mâ barâye pokht-o-paz be adviye va yek adviye-dâne jadid niâz dârim.
She put the salt shaker and the pepper shaker on the table.	او نمکدان و فلفل‌دان را روی میز گذاشت.u namakdân o felfeldân râ ruye miz gozâsht.