Family and polite words

Family, Informally

You already know پدر (father) and مادر (mother). At home, Iranians say بابا (dad) and مامان (mom) instead — the warm, everyday words.

FormalInformalMeaning
پدرباباfather / dad
مادرمامانmother / mom

Husband and Spouse

شوهر means husband specifically. The neutral word همسر (spouse), which you already know, covers either partner.

Polite Address: خانم

خانم (lady, Ms.) politely addresses or refers to a woman — on its own or before a name.

Getting Attention: ببخشید

ببخشید does double duty: it apologizes ("sorry") and politely opens a request ("excuse me").

Everyday Exclamations

خدا (God) appears constantly in Persian exclamations — most famously خدای من! (my God!).