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Farsi uses diminutive suffixes to describe small things or express affection. These are perfect for talking about miniatures, dioramas, and tiny details.

### The Suffix -چه

To indicate a smaller version of an object, attach the suffix **-چه** to the end of a noun. For example, adding it to **درخت** (tree) creates **درختچه** (small tree or shrub).

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### The Suffix -ک

Another common diminutive suffix is **-ک**. While it also indicates small size—like turning **اتاق** (room) into **اتاقک** (small room or cabin)—it is frequently used to show affection, such as turning **دختر** (girl) into **دخترک** (little girl).

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Now let's see both suffixes used together:

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### Common Diminutive Nouns

These suffixes are very productive in Farsi. Sometimes an extra letter bridges the noun and suffix, as when **در** (door) becomes **دریچه** (small hatch). Other everyday miniature words include **قالیچه** (small rug) and **دفترچه** (booklet or notepad).

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Diminutive nouns (-che, -ak)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

suffix

verb

Singular pronouns and copula (man, -am)

Plural pronouns and copula (mâ, -im)

Subject pronoun omission

Singular demonstratives (in, ân)

Plural demonstratives (inhâ, ânhâ)

Independent copula (hastam, hast)

Negative present copula (nistam, nist)

Yes/No questions (âyâ)

Regular plurals (-hâ)

Animate plurals (-ân)

Indefiniteness (yek)

Indefinite marker (-i)

Describing nouns (-e / -ye)

Possession (-e / -ye)

Singular possessives (-am, -at, -ash)

Plural possessives (-emân, -etân, -eshân)

Basic prepositions (dar, be, az, bâ)

Spatial prepositions (ru-ye, zir-e...)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yek, do, se...)

Numbers and singular nouns

Numbers 11 to 20 (yâzdah, davâzdah...)

Counting by tens to 100

Telling time (sâ'at)

The verb to have (dâram)

Negative to have (nadâram)

Basic word order (SOV)

Infinitives and present stems (-an)

Present indicative (mi-)

Negative present indicative (nemi-)

Compound verbs

Question words (che, kojâ)

How many (chand)

The definite object marker (râ)

Object pronouns (man râ, to râ)

Singular commands (be-)

Formal and plural commands (be- ... -id)

Negative commands (na-)

The present subjunctive (be-)

The negative present subjunctive (na-)

Must (bâyad)

Might (shâyad)

Wanting to do something (khâstan)

Being able to do something (tavânestan)

Forming the past stem

The simple past of to be (budan)

The simple past tense

Negative simple past (na-)

Attached object pronouns on verbs (-am, -at, -ash)

Comparative adjectives (-tar)

Basic conjunctions (va, ammâ, yâ)

Giving reasons (chon)

Adverbs of frequency and degree (hamishe, hargez, kheyli, kam)

Everyday actions (kâr kardan, bâz kardan)

Non-human plural subjects

Indefinite pronouns (kasi, chizi, jâyi)

Negative indefinite pronouns (hich-kas, hich-chiz, hich-jâ)

Reciprocal pronouns (hamdigar, yekdigar)

Reflexive pronouns (khod-)

Reflexive direct objects (khod râ)

Emphatic pronouns (khod)

The quantifier every (har)

The quantifier all (hame)

The quantifier some (ba'zi)

Another and other (-i digar)

Which (kodâm)

How much (cheghadr)

Comparisons of equality (mesl-e)

Superlative adjectives (-tarin)

Irregular comparatives and superlatives

Ordinal numbers (-om)

Pre-nominal ordinal numbers (-omin)

Fractions and percentages

Prepositions of theme (dar mored-e)

Prepositions of time (ghabl az, ba'd az)

Preposition of exclusion (bedun-e)

Resultative conjunctions (banâbarin, pas)

Hortative construction (biyâ, biyâyid)

The present progressive tense (dâram mi-)

The past continuous tense (mi-)

Negative past continuous (ne-mi-)

Past continuous of to have (dâshtam)

The past progressive tense (dâshtam mi-)

The past participle (-e)

Present perfect tense (-e-am, -e-ast)

Negative present perfect (na-)

Question	Answer
miniature	مینیاتوریminiyâtowri
shrub / small tree	درختچهderakhtche
I bought these small trees to build a miniature house.	برای ساختن یک خانه‌ی مینیاتوری، این درختچه‌ها را خریدم.barâye sâkhtan yek khâne-ye miniyâturi, in derakhtche-hâ râ kharidam.
Every small tree in this diorama is very beautiful.	هر درختچه در این ماکت خیلی زیبا است.har derakhtche dar in mâket kheyli zibâ ast.
little girl	دخترکdokhtarak
small rug	قالیچهqâlicheh
The little girl puts a small rug inside the room.	دخترک یک قالیچه داخل اتاق می‌گذارد.dokhtarak yek qâlicheh dâkhel otâgh migozârad.
The little girl likes the miniature rug more than the big carpet.	دخترک قالیچه‌ی مینیاتوری رو بیشتر از فرش بزرگ دوست داره.dokhtarak qâliche-ye minyâturi ro bishtar az farsh bozorg dust dâre.
small room / cabin (booth, compartment)	اتاقکotâghak
This small room is darker than the other rooms.	این اتاقک از اتاق‌های دیگر تاریک‌تر است.in otâghak az otâgh-hâye digar târik-tar ast
small hatch / opening	دریچهdaricheh
He opens this small hatch so that he can see the small room.	او این دریچه را باز می‌کند تا اتاقک را ببیند.u in daricheh râ bâz mikonad tâ otâghak râ bebinad.
small notebook / booklet (for writing, notepad)	دفترچهdaftarche
Every small notebook in this diorama is a masterpiece.	هر دفترچه در این ماکت یک شاهکار است.har daftarche dar in mâket yek shâhkâr ast.
shelf / ledge (built-in wall niche)	طاقچهtâqche
The little girl put a miniature notebook on the shelf.	دخترک یک دفترچه‌ی مینیاتوری روی طاقچه گذاشت.dokhtarak yek daftarche-ye miniâtouri rooye tâghche gozâsht.
We need more chairs to complete this small room.	برای کامل کردن این اتاقک، به صندلی‌های بیشتری نیاز داریم.barâye kâmel kardan in otâghak, be sandali-hâye bishtari niâz dârim.
This small hatch is above the shelf.	این دریچه بالای طاقچه‌ست.in dariche bâlâ-ye tâqche'st.
The little girl sees herself in the miniature mirror of the small room.	دخترک خودش را در آینه‌ی مینیاتوری اتاقک می‌بیند.dokhtarak khodash râ dar âyene-ye miniyâtouri otâghak mibinad.
The small rug is under the small hatch.	قالیچه زیر دریچه است.qâliche zir dariche ast.

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