Emphatic reflexive pronouns (-zelf)

Being your own boss

As an independent (onafhankelijk) freelancer, you often do everything yourself. In Dutch, you can emphasize that an action is performed upon the subject by adding -zelf to basic reflexive pronouns.

For the third person (he, she, they), the basic reflexive pronoun zich becomes the emphatic zichzelf.

The freelancer is independent and motivates himself.
De freelancer is onafhankelijk en motiveert zichzelf.

You will use this often when setting boundaries and determining (bepalen) your rate (het tarief).

The freelancer sells himself well and determines the rate.
De freelancer verkoopt zichzelf goed en bepaalt het tarief.

How does the client (de opdrachtgever) view their role?

Does the client see himself as the boss?
Ziet de opdrachtgever zichzelf als de baas?

Demanding discipline from myself

When the subject is ik (I), the basic reflexive me becomes mezelf (myself) to add emphasis. This is especially useful when talking about self-imposed discipline (de discipline).

I am independent, but I demand discipline from myself.
Ik ben onafhankelijk, maar ik eis discipline van mezelf.
I motivate not only myself, but also the client.
Ik motiveer niet alleen mezelf, maar ook de opdrachtgever.

Challenging yourself

Finally, for jij/je (you), the reflexive pronoun je becomes the emphatic jezelf (yourself). Use it when you want to highlight that you must challenge (uitdagen) yourself, rather than relying on someone else.

You challenge yourself and you demand the best rate.
Jij daagt jezelf uit en je eist het beste tarief.
Do you challenge yourself, or do you need a client?
Daag jij jezelf uit, of heb je een opdrachtgever nodig?

Quick Overview

Here are the emphatic forms you have learned in this lesson compared to their basic forms:

SubjectBasic ReflexiveEmphatic Reflexive
Ikmemezelf
Jij / Jejejezelf
Hij / Zij / Zezichzichzelf