Learn Turkish: Gala için onaylanan sponsorluk çok önemli. - The approved sponsorship for the gala is very important.

It starts with the verb onaylamak (to approve). First, we add the passive suffix -n to get onaylanmak (to be approved). Then, we add the subject relative participle -An, turning it into a modifying adjective: onaylanan (that which is approved / the approved).

Why does the passive form of onaylamak use the suffix -n instead of -Il?

In Turkish, the default passive suffix is -Il (like yapılmak). However, if the verb stem ends in a vowel, like onayla-, it takes -n instead to avoid two vowels clashing. Thus, it becomes onaylanmak.

Does the -An in onaylanan mean the approval happened in the past, or is happening now?

The -An relative suffix can refer to both the present and the past. Depending on the context, onaylanan can mean "which is approved" or "which was approved". Because English adjectives work similarly, "the approved sponsorship" captures both perfectly here.

Why is Gala için placed before onaylanan?