Learn Turkish: Poyrazın başlamasıyla denizci üşüdü. - With the northeast wind starting, the sailor got cold.

The base is the verb başla- (to start). The -ma turns it into a verbal noun (starting). The -sı is the possessive suffix linking it to the wind (its starting). Finally, the buffer -y- connects to the instrumental suffix -la (with). In this lesson's context, -masıyla translates smoothly to 'upon the starting of' or 'with the starting of', showing a direct cause and effect.

Why does poyraz take the genitive suffix -ın here?

It forms a possessive relationship with the verbal noun başlaması. Literally, the sentence says 'With the northeast wind's starting...'. Whenever you use this instrumental cause-and-effect structure, the actor performing the action must be in the genitive case.

Is there a difference between saying Poyrazın başlamasıyla and Poyraz başlayınca?

They are very close in meaning and both are understood as 'when the northeast wind started'. However, using the instrumental form başlamasıyla places a slightly stronger emphasis on the cause-and-effect relationship, highlighting that the wind starting was the direct instrument or reason for the sailor getting cold.

Why does the sentence use üşüdü instead of soğudu for getting cold?