Breakdown of Yüksek süratin uçağa zarar vereceğini biliyor olmalı.
olmak
to be
bilmek
to know
uçak
airplane
yüksek
high
zarar vermek
to damage
sürat
speed
Questions & Answers about Yüksek süratin uçağa zarar vereceğini biliyor olmalı.
Why is sürat (speed) in the genitive case as süratin?
Because this sentence contains an embedded clause. In Turkish, when you say 'that high speed will damage...', the subject of that embedded clause takes the genitive case. Here, yüksek sürat becomes yüksek süratin, which acts as the logical subject linked to the verb vereceğini.
Can you break down the suffixes on the word vereceğini?
It starts with the verb stem ver. We add the future nominalizer -ecek (which mutates to -eceğ-), followed by the 3rd person possessive -i to match the genitive subject süratin. Finally, a buffer -n- connects it to the accusative case suffix -i, because the entire embedded clause is the direct object of the main verb biliyor.
Why does uçak (airplane) take the dative case as uçağa?
The Turkish phrase for 'to damage' is zarar vermek, which literally means 'to give damage'. The thing receiving the damage must always be in the dative case. So uçak gets the -a suffix, causing the final k to soften into a ğ.
Why use the complex form biliyor olmalı instead of just bilmeli?
Using the suffix -malı directly on the verb (bilmeli) usually expresses an obligation or recommendation, meaning 'he should know' or 'he ought to know'. Using the continuous tense followed by olmalı (biliyor olmalı) shifts the meaning to a strong logical deduction, meaning 'I am sure he knows' or 'he must know'.
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