Breakdown of Düzenli egzersiz yapıp yağ yaktığı halde mutlu değil.
mutlu
happy
değil
not
yapmak
to do / to make
düzenli
regular / regularly
egzersiz
exercise
yağ
oil
halde
even though / despite (used with -dIğI)
yakmak
to burn (something)
Questions & Answers about Düzenli egzersiz yapıp yağ yaktığı halde mutlu değil.
How does the grammar in yaktığı halde work to mean 'even though he burns'?
This uses the structure you're learning now: verb root (yak-, to burn) + the participle suffix (-dık) + a possessive ending + halde. Because of consonant mutation rules, the -dık suffix becomes -tığ-: the 'd' hardens to 't' after the voiceless 'k' in yak-, and the 'k' softens to 'ğ' before the vowel of the possessive suffix. The -ı is the 3rd person singular possessive suffix (his/her). So yaktığı halde literally means 'in his state of burning', which translates to 'even though he burns'.
Why is it yapıp instead of saying yaptığı halde for both verbs?
The suffix -ıp / -ip is a handy linking suffix that acts like 'and'. It connects two verbs done by the same subject. Instead of repeating the whole grammatical ending by saying egzersiz yaptığı halde ve yağ yaktığı halde, Turkish attaches -ıp to the first verb (yap-) and puts the main grammar (-tığı halde) only on the second verb (yak-). The first verb just borrows the tense and meaning from the second verb!
How do we know the subject is 'he' if there is no pronoun like o in the sentence?
We know it is 'he' (or 'she') from two clues. First, the possessive suffix on yaktığı is the 3rd person singular -ı. Second, the word değil at the end doesn't have a personal suffix (like -im or -sin). A lack of a personal suffix on değil implies the 3rd person ('he/she/it is not').
Why is it just yağ and not yağı? Isn't 'fat' the direct object of 'burn'?
Yes, 'fat' is the direct object, but it is a general, non-specific object here. He is burning 'fat' in general, not a specific, previously mentioned fat ('the fat'). When a direct object is non-specific and sits right next to the verb, it stays in its dictionary form and doesn't take the accusative case ending (-ı / -i).
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