Learn Turkish: Şu mavi gömlek daha ucuz. - That blue shirt is cheaper.

In English, we often add '-er' to make a word comparative, like turning 'cheap' into 'cheaper.' In Turkish, you simply put daha (more) in front of the adjective. So, daha ucuz literally means 'more cheap', which we naturally translate as 'cheaper'.

Why does the sentence use şu for 'that' instead of o?

Both şu and o translate to 'that'. However, şu is used when you are physically pointing something out or drawing attention to it for the first time, like looking at a specific shirt on a store rack. O is used for things that are further away or that you are already talking about.

Where is the word for 'is' in this sentence?

There isn't one! In Turkish, the 'to be' verb (am/is/are) is often completely left out for the third person (he/she/it) in simple sentences. Just putting the subject (Şu mavi gömlek) and the describing phrase (daha ucuz) next to each other perfectly translates to 'That blue shirt is cheaper.'

Is the word order for 'That blue shirt' exactly the same as in English?

Yes! Just like in English, the pointing word (şu) comes first, followed by the describing adjective (mavi), and finally the noun it describes (gömlek).