Learn Turkish: Sarı kazak çok küçük. - The yellow sweater is very small.

Just like in English, Turkish adjectives go right before the noun they describe. Also, Turkish adjectives are wonderfully simple: they never change to match the noun. Even if you were talking about multiple sweaters (sarı kazaklar), the word sarı stays exactly the same.

Why does the translation say "The yellow sweater" when there is no Turkish word for "the"?

Turkish doesn't have a specific word for "the". When a noun phrase like sarı kazak is the subject of a sentence, it is usually assumed to be specific. If you wanted to say "a yellow sweater", you would insert the word bir (a/one) right after the adjective to make it indefinite: sarı bir kazak.

Where is the word for "is" in this sentence?

There isn't one! In Turkish, you don't need a separate word for "is" when making simple statements about a "he", "she", or "it" (like the sweater). Just putting the subject (sarı kazak) and its description (çok küçük) together naturally implies the "is".

Can çok be used to mean "very" for any adjective?

Yes! While you might have learned çok earlier as "a lot" or "many", when you place it directly before an adjective like küçük, it acts exactly like the English word "very".