Questions & Answers about Kocası bugün hasta.
Where is the word for "her" in this sentence?
It is built right into the word kocası. The base word is koca (husband). Because it ends in a vowel, we add the buffer letter s followed by the 3rd person possessive suffix -ı (which matches vowel harmony). This -sı ending means "his," "her," or "its." You don't need to add the separate word onun (her/his) unless you want to emphasize it.
Could kocası also mean "his husband"?
Yes! Turkish doesn't use genders for pronouns or suffixes. The suffix -sı is completely gender-neutral. We translate it as "her husband" here as the most common scenario, but grammatically it absolutely means "his" or "her" husband.
Where is the verb "is" in this sentence?
In Turkish, simple "to be" sentences in the present tense often don't have a visible verb for the "he/she/it" forms. While "I am sick" takes a personal suffix (hastayım), "he/she is sick" takes no suffix at all. The word hasta (sick) at the end of the sentence is enough to mean "is sick."
Could I put bugün at the beginning of the sentence instead?
Yes, you could say Bugün kocası hasta. Time words like bugün (today) are flexible and can go at the beginning or right before the verb or adjective. Putting it right before hasta slightly emphasizes when he is sick.
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