Time duration (-DIr)

The Time Duration Suffix "-DIr" (For)

While you use the postposition beri to express that an action has been ongoing "since" a starting point, you use the suffix -DIr to express "for" a duration of time. It attaches directly to the time expression to show exactly how long a situation has been continuing up to the present.

Like most Turkish suffixes, it adjusts according to 4-way vowel harmony (-dır, -dir, -dur, -dür) and consonant mutation (-tır, -tir, -tur, -tür after voiceless consonants).

I have been sleepless for two days.
İki gündür uykusuzum.
The man has been enduring the cold for three hours.
Adam üç saattir soğuğa dayanıyor.

General and Plural Durations

You are not limited to exact numbers. You can attach this suffix to general phrases like uzun süre (a long time), or to plural time nouns to mean "for months" (aylardır), "for days" (günlerdir), or "for years" (yıllardır).

The meeting has been going on for a long time.
Toplantı uzun süredir devam ediyor.
We have been dealing with these difficulties for months.
Aylardır bu zorluklarla uğraşıyoruz.
I am fed up with dealing with this problem for years.
Yıllardır bu problemle uğraşmaktan bıktım.

Asking Questions and Expressing Endurance

To ask questions like "for how many hours", simply attach the suffix to the time word following the question word kaç (how many), creating phrases like kaç saattir.

Because -DIr describes ongoing, persistent situations, it pairs frequently with verbs and adjectives about patience (sabırlı), endurance (dayanmak), or eventually giving up (pes etmek).

They have been patient for ten hours, but you are giving up immediately.
Onlar on saattir sabırlı ama sen hemen pes ediyorsun.
For how many hours have you been on your feet and sleepless?
Kaç saattir ayakta ve uykusuzsun?
We have been on our feet for five hours, we are tired but holding out.
Beş saattir ayaktayız, yorgunuz ama dayanıyoruz.

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