Chinese (Mandarin)

Spanish

English

Hindi

Arabic (Modern Standard)

Portuguese

Bengali

Russian

Japanese

Punjabi

German

Javanese

Malay

Telugu

Vietnamese

Korean

French

Marathi

Tamil

Urdu

Turkish

Italian

Chinese, Yue / Cantonese

Thai

Gujarati

Chinese, Jin

Chinese, Min Nan

Dari

Farsi

Polish

Pashto

Kannada

Chinese, Xiang

Malayalam

Sundanese

Hausa

Odia

Burmese

Chinese, Hakka

Ukrainian

Bihari, Bhojpuri

Tagalog

Yoruba

Bihari, Maithili

Uzbek

Sindhi

Amharic

Fula

Romanian

Oromo

Igbo

Azerbaijani

Chinese, Gan

Dutch

Kurdish, Central

Kurdish, Northern

Kurdish, Southern

Malagasy

Lahnda, Saraiki

Nepali

Sinhalese

Chittagonian

Zhuang

Khmer

Turkmen

Assamese

Madurese

Somali

Marwari

Bihari, Magahi

Haryanvi

Hungarian

Chhattisgarhi

Greek

Chewa

Dakhini

Akan, Twi

Akan, Fante

Kazakh

Chinese, Min Bei

Sylheti

Zulu

Czech

Kinyarwanda

Marwari, Dhundhari

Haitian Creole

Chinese, Min Dong

Ilocano

Quechua

Kirundi

Swedish

Hmong

Shona

Uyghur

Hiligaynon

Mossi

Xhosa

Belarusian

Balochi

### The Causative Voice: Getting Things Done

When hiring a professional to perform a service—like having a car fixed or a suit tailored—you use the causative voice. Instead of a helper verb like "have" or "make," Turkish attaches a causative suffix directly to the verb root.

### The "-DIr" Suffix

For most regular verbs, the causative suffix is `-DIr`. It follows four-way vowel harmony (`-dir`, `-dır`, `-dur`, `-dür`). If the verb root ends in a hard consonant (p, ç, t, k, s, ş, h, f), the suffix hardens to `-tir`, `-tır`, `-tur`, or `-tür`.

- `yap-` (do/make) + `-tır` = `yaptırmak` (to have done)
- `dik-` (sew) + `-tir` = `diktirmek` (to have sewn)
- `tamir et-` (repair) + `-tir` = `tamir ettirmek` (to have repaired)

{{item:830075}}

### Specifying the Professional

When stating *who* performs the service, the professional takes the dative case (`-a` or `-e`). Think of it as giving the task *to* them.

- `terzi` (tailor) -> `terziye`
- `tesisatçı` (plumber) -> `tesisatçıya`
- `usta` (mechanic/master) -> `ustaya`

{{item:830072}}

{{item:830078}}

{{item:830084}}

{{item:830085}}

### Places of Business

To talk about having a service done *at* a professional's place of business, use the locative case (`-da` or `-de`).

- `dişçi` (dentist) -> `dişçide` (at the dentist)

{{item:830088}}

{{item:830089}}

The causative voice (-dir)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (bu, şu, o)

Basic question words (kim, ne)

Plural nouns (-lar, -ler)

I am and you are (-(y)ım, -sın)

We, you, and they are (-(y)ız, -sınız)

Negative statements (değil)

Yes and no questions (mı, mi, mu, mü)

Questions with 'to be' (mısın, mıyım)

Numbers 1 to 10 (bir, iki, üç)

Numbers 11 to 20 (on bir, on iki)

Numbers by tens to 100 (otuz, kırk...)

Counting objects (tane)

The locative case (-da, -de)

Consonant assimilation (-ta, -te)

Asking where (nerede)

There is / there are (var)

There is not / there are not (yok)

Asking how many (kaç)

Infinitive verbs (-mak, -mek)

Informal commands (git, gel)

Negative commands (-ma, -me)

Polite and plural commands (-In, -InIz)

Basic word order

Present continuous for consonant roots (-iyor)

Present continuous for vowel roots (-iyor)

Present continuous personal suffixes (-iyorum)

Negative present continuous (-miyor)

Present continuous questions (-iyor mu)

Future plans with present continuous

The dative case (-(y)a, -(y)e)

Consonant mutation (k, t, p, ç to ğ, d, b, c)

From or out of (-dan / -den)

Directional question words (nereye, nereden)

First and second person possessives (-(i)m, -(i)n)

Third person possessive (-(s)i)

Plural possessives (-imiz, -iniz, -leri)

The genitive case (-(n)in)

Definite noun compounds (-nin ... -si)

Indefinite noun compounds (bare noun + -(s)i)

Possessive buffer letter (n)

Spatial postpositions (içinde, üstünde)

The definite direct object (-(y)ı, -(y)i)

Object question words (kimi, neyi)

Adjectives modifying nouns

Manner and choice questions (nasıl, hangi)

Basic degree modifiers (çok, biraz)

Comparisons (daha, en)

Days of the week

Months of the year

The time question word (ne zaman)

Telling time (saat, buçuk)

Asking the time (saat kaç, saat kaçta)

Basic conjunctions (ve, ama, veya)

Causality conjunction (çünkü)

Means and accompaniment (ile, -(y)lA)

Purpose and beneficiaries (için)

Expressing desire (-mak istemek)

The past copula (-(y)DI)

The direct past tense (-DI)

Past tense personal suffixes (-DIm, -DIn)

Past tense negative (-mAdI)

Past tense questions (-DI mI)

Ordinal numbers (-(I)ncI)

Greetings and politeness

Saying 'too' (de, da)

Conversation fillers (şey, yani, hadi)

Conversational essentials

Reflexive pronouns (kendim, kendin)

Reciprocal pronouns (birbiri)

Indefinite pronouns for people (herkes, kimse)

Indefinite pronouns for things and places (her şey, hiçbir şey)

Conjunctions of consequence (bu yüzden, bu nedenle)

Correlative conjunctions (hem... hem, ne... ne)

Verbs taking the dative case (-e / -a)

Verbs taking the ablative case (-den / -dan)

Time origin (beri)

Time duration (-DIr)

Comparisons of similarity (gibi)

Comparisons of equality (kadar)

Perspectives (göre)

Verbal nouns (-mA / -mE)

Verbal nouns as objects (-mAyI / -mEyI)

Verbal nouns with the dative (-mAyA / -mEyA)

General necessity (lazım / gerek)

Personal necessity (-mAm lazım)

Third-person commands (-sIn / -sInlAr)

First person singular optative (-(y)AyIm)

Question	Answer
tailor	terzi
to sew	dikmek
I had a new dress sewn by the tailor.	Terziye yeni bir elbise diktirdim.
zipper	fermuar
Can I have my jacket's zipper sewn by the tailor?	Ceketimin fermuarını terziye diktirebilir miyim?
I need to have the bag's zipper fixed.	Çantanın fermuarını yaptırmam lazım.
faucet	musluk
plumber	tesisatçı
We are having the plumber repair the faucet in the kitchen.	Mutfaktaki musluğu tesisatçıya tamir ettiriyoruz.
pipe	boru
I had the pipe fixed by the plumber at half past two.	Saat iki buçukta boruyu tesisatçıya yaptırdım.
Who did you have repair the faucet and the pipe in the house?	Evdeki musluğu ve boruyu kime tamir ettirdin?
oil	yağ
filter	filtre
I had the master look at the car's oil and filter.	Arabanın yağını ve filtresini ustaya baktırdım.
I need to have the mechanic check the engine and the brakes.	Motoru ve frenleri tamirciye kontrol ettirmem gerek.
dentist	dişçi
filling	dolgu
I had a filling done at the dentist yesterday, now my tooth does not ache.	Dün dişçide dolgu yaptırdım, şimdi dişim ağrımıyor.
I was afraid, that is why I was not having a filling done at the dentist.	Korkuyordum, bu yüzden dişçide dolgu yaptırmıyordum.
Those who have their car repaired are getting on the bus.	Arabasını tamir ettirenler otobüse biniyor.
I am having the mechanic check the car's oil and filter.	Arabanın yağını ve filtresini tamirciye kontrol ettiriyorum.