The causative voice (-dir)

The Causative Voice: Getting Things Done

When hiring a professional to perform a service—like having a car fixed or a suit tailored—you use the causative voice. Instead of a helper verb like "have" or "make," Turkish attaches a causative suffix directly to the verb root.

The "-DIr" Suffix

For most regular verbs, the causative suffix is -DIr. It follows four-way vowel harmony (-dir, -dır, -dur, -dür). If the verb root ends in a hard consonant (p, ç, t, k, s, ş, h, f), the suffix hardens to -tir, -tır, -tur, or -tür.

  • yap- (do/make) + -tır = yaptırmak (to have done)
  • dik- (sew) + -tir = diktirmek (to have sewn)
  • tamir et- (repair) + -tir = tamir ettirmek (to have repaired)
I need to have the bag's zipper fixed.
Çantanın fermuarını yaptırmam lazım.

Specifying the Professional

When stating who performs the service, the professional takes the dative case (-a or -e). Think of it as giving the task to them.

  • terzi (tailor) -> terziye
  • tesisatçı (plumber) -> tesisatçıya
  • usta (mechanic/master) -> ustaya
I had a new dress sewn by the tailor.
Terziye yeni bir elbise diktirdim.
We are having the plumber repair the faucet in the kitchen.
Mutfaktaki musluğu tesisatçıya tamir ettiriyoruz.
I had the master look at the car's oil and filter.
Arabanın yağını ve filtresini ustaya baktırdım.
I need to have the mechanic check the engine and the brakes.
Motoru ve frenleri tamirciye kontrol ettirmem gerek.

Places of Business

To talk about having a service done at a professional's place of business, use the locative case (-da or -de).

  • dişçi (dentist) -> dişçide (at the dentist)
I had a filling done at the dentist yesterday, now my tooth does not ache.
Dün dişçide dolgu yaptırdım, şimdi dişim ağrımıyor.
I was afraid, that is why I was not having a filling done at the dentist.
Korkuyordum, bu yüzden dişçide dolgu yaptırmıyordum.