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### Making Deductions: -dığına göre

When you want to say "Since [X happened]" or "Given that [X is the case]," Turkish uses a specialized verb form followed by the postposition **göre**. 

Attach the following elements to your verb stem:
1. The participle suffix **-dIk** (which mutates to **-dIğ-** before a vowel).
2. A possessive suffix (indicating who performs the action).
3. The dative case suffix **-(y)A**.
4. The word **göre**.

For example, with the verb *gelmek* (to come):
- Ben: gel + diğ + im + e göre -> **geldiğime göre** (Since I came)
- O: gel + diğ + i + n + e göre -> **geldiğine göre** (Since he/she came)
- Biz: gel + diğ + imiz + e göre -> **geldiğimize göre** (Since we came)

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### Drawing Logical Conclusions

This pattern sets up a premise to arrive at a logical conclusion. 

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For adjectives and nouns, attach the suffix to the auxiliary verb **olmak** (to be):

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### Adjusting Plans and Negative Forms

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To form the negative ("since ... didn't" or "given that ... doesn't"), insert the negative suffix **-mA** right after the verb stem, before the **-dIk** suffix. For example, *öngörmek* becomes **öngörmediğimize göre** (since we did not foresee).

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Since / Given that (-dığına göre)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (bu, şu, o)

Basic question words (kim, ne)

Plural nouns (-lar, -ler)

I am and you are (-(y)ım, -sın)

We, you, and they are (-(y)ız, -sınız)

Negative statements (değil)

Yes and no questions (mı, mi, mu, mü)

Questions with 'to be' (mısın, mıyım)

Numbers 1 to 10 (bir, iki, üç)

Numbers 11 to 20 (on bir, on iki)

Numbers by tens to 100 (otuz, kırk...)

Counting objects (tane)

The locative case (-da, -de)

Consonant assimilation (-ta, -te)

Asking where (nerede)

There is / there are (var)

There is not / there are not (yok)

Asking how many (kaç)

Infinitive verbs (-mak, -mek)

Informal commands (git, gel)

Negative commands (-ma, -me)

Polite and plural commands (-In, -InIz)

Basic word order

Present continuous for consonant roots (-iyor)

Present continuous for vowel roots (-iyor)

Present continuous personal suffixes (-iyorum)

Negative present continuous (-miyor)

Present continuous questions (-iyor mu)

Future plans with present continuous

The dative case (-(y)a, -(y)e)

Consonant mutation (k, t, p, ç to ğ, d, b, c)

From or out of (-dan / -den)

Directional question words (nereye, nereden)

First and second person possessives (-(i)m, -(i)n)

Third person possessive (-(s)i)

Plural possessives (-imiz, -iniz, -leri)

The genitive case (-(n)in)

Definite noun compounds (-nin ... -si)

Indefinite noun compounds (bare noun + -(s)i)

Possessive buffer letter (n)

Spatial postpositions (içinde, üstünde)

The definite direct object (-(y)ı, -(y)i)

Object question words (kimi, neyi)

Adjectives modifying nouns

Manner and choice questions (nasıl, hangi)

Basic degree modifiers (çok, biraz)

Comparisons (daha, en)

Days of the week

Months of the year

The time question word (ne zaman)

Telling time (saat, buçuk)

Asking the time (saat kaç, saat kaçta)

Basic conjunctions (ve, ama, veya)

Causality conjunction (çünkü)

Means and accompaniment (ile, -(y)lA)

Purpose and beneficiaries (için)

Expressing desire (-mak istemek)

The past copula (-(y)DI)

The direct past tense (-DI)

Past tense personal suffixes (-DIm, -DIn)

Past tense negative (-mAdI)

Past tense questions (-DI mI)

Ordinal numbers (-(I)ncI)

Greetings and politeness

Saying 'too' (de, da)

Conversation fillers (şey, yani, hadi)

Conversational essentials

Reflexive pronouns (kendim, kendin)

Reciprocal pronouns (birbiri)

Indefinite pronouns for people (herkes, kimse)

Indefinite pronouns for things and places (her şey, hiçbir şey)

Conjunctions of consequence (bu yüzden, bu nedenle)

Correlative conjunctions (hem... hem, ne... ne)

Verbs taking the dative case (-e / -a)

Verbs taking the ablative case (-den / -dan)

Time origin (beri)

Time duration (-DIr)

Comparisons of similarity (gibi)

Comparisons of equality (kadar)

Perspectives (göre)

Verbal nouns (-mA / -mE)

Verbal nouns as objects (-mAyI / -mEyI)

Verbal nouns with the dative (-mAyA / -mEyA)

General necessity (lazım / gerek)

Personal necessity (-mAm lazım)

Third-person commands (-sIn / -sInlAr)

First person singular optative (-(y)AyIm)

Question	Answer
to be disrupted / to run late	aksamak
inevitable / unavoidable	kaçınılmaz
Since the flights were disrupted, a delay was inevitable.	Uçuşlar aksadığına göre, rötar kaçınılmazdı.
to get stuck / to be caught	takılmak
to make up for / to compensate	telafi etmek
Since we got stuck in traffic, we had to make up for our delay today.	Trafiğe takıldığımıza göre, gecikmemizi bugün telafi etmemiz lazımdı.
Since the ongoing project is too expensive, canceling it makes sense.	Devam etmekte olan proje çok pahalı olduğuna göre, onu iptal etmek mantıklı.
absurd / nonsense	saçma
undoubtedly / no doubt	şüphesiz
Since he even convinced you, this nonsense story is undoubtedly true.	Seni bile inandırdığına göre, bu saçma hikâye şüphesiz doğru.
Since the boss is angry, even the manager remained silent.	Patron kızgın olduğuna göre, müdür bile sustu.
Since the car is broken, let's not buy it even if it is cheap.	Araba bozuk olduğuna göre, ucuzsa bile onu almayalım.
Since you want to lose weight, you had to diet.	Kilo vermek istediğine göre, diyet yapman lazımdı.
Since the guests have arrived, let's start dinner.	Misafirler geldiğine göre, akşam yemeğine başlayalım.
Since you are tired, working is unnecessary.	Yorgun olduğuna göre, çalışmak gereksiz.
Since you like coffee, I bought you a cup.	Kahveyi sevdiğine göre, sana bir fincan aldım.
to adapt / to adjust	uyarlamak
Since the meeting is delayed, we are adapting the plan.	Toplantı aksadığına göre planı uyarlıyoruz.
illogical	mantıksız
to never mind / to let it go	boş vermek
Since this is illogical, let it go, it is very absurd.	Bu mantıksız olduğuna göre boş ver, çok saçma.
to foresee / to anticipate	öngörmek
Since we foresaw this situation, the result is inevitable.	Bu durumu öngördüğümüze göre sonuç kaçınılmaz.
Since he let it go, there is undoubtedly no problem, do not get stuck on the detail.	O boş verdiğine göre şüphesiz bir problem yok, detaya takılma.
Since we did not foresee this illogical rule, we are adapting the plan to make up for the situation.	Bu mantıksız kuralı öngörmediğimize göre durumu telafi etmek için planı uyarlıyoruz.