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When you want to state a logical conclusion based on an established fact, you can use the conjunctions **madem** or **mademki**. These translate to "since," "seeing that," or "given that."

You place **madem** at the beginning of the clause that states the known circumstance. The second half of the sentence then reacts to that fact.

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### Madem vs. Mademki

You will also frequently see **mademki**. The **-ki** suffix is permanently baked into the word here, and it means exactly the same thing as **madem**. You can use them interchangeably.

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### Drawing Conclusions

When using **madem**, you are often pivoting your approach because a situation is undeniable. To express these logical deductions, vocabulary like **mantıken** (logically) and **nafile** (futile) is highly useful.

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You can easily combine these concepts to show why a certain action is pointless given the circumstances:

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### Madem with Different Tenses

**Madem** does not force the verb into a specific tense. It works seamlessly with any grammatical structure, including future conditionals or reported hearsay.

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If you are reacting to something you heard from others, you can pair **madem** with the reported suffix (**-miş** / **-muş**).

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Finally, you can also use a **madem** clause to justify asking a question or making a request:

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Since and seeing that (madem)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (bu, şu, o)

Basic question words (kim, ne)

Plural nouns (-lar, -ler)

I am and you are (-(y)ım, -sın)

We, you, and they are (-(y)ız, -sınız)

Negative statements (değil)

Yes and no questions (mı, mi, mu, mü)

Questions with 'to be' (mısın, mıyım)

Numbers 1 to 10 (bir, iki, üç)

Numbers 11 to 20 (on bir, on iki)

Numbers by tens to 100 (otuz, kırk...)

Counting objects (tane)

The locative case (-da, -de)

Consonant assimilation (-ta, -te)

Asking where (nerede)

There is / there are (var)

There is not / there are not (yok)

Asking how many (kaç)

Infinitive verbs (-mak, -mek)

Informal commands (git, gel)

Negative commands (-ma, -me)

Polite and plural commands (-In, -InIz)

Basic word order

Present continuous for consonant roots (-iyor)

Present continuous for vowel roots (-iyor)

Present continuous personal suffixes (-iyorum)

Negative present continuous (-miyor)

Present continuous questions (-iyor mu)

Future plans with present continuous

The dative case (-(y)a, -(y)e)

Consonant mutation (k, t, p, ç to ğ, d, b, c)

From or out of (-dan / -den)

Directional question words (nereye, nereden)

First and second person possessives (-(i)m, -(i)n)

Third person possessive (-(s)i)

Plural possessives (-imiz, -iniz, -leri)

The genitive case (-(n)in)

Definite noun compounds (-nin ... -si)

Indefinite noun compounds (bare noun + -(s)i)

Possessive buffer letter (n)

Spatial postpositions (içinde, üstünde)

The definite direct object (-(y)ı, -(y)i)

Object question words (kimi, neyi)

Adjectives modifying nouns

Manner and choice questions (nasıl, hangi)

Basic degree modifiers (çok, biraz)

Comparisons (daha, en)

Days of the week

Months of the year

The time question word (ne zaman)

Telling time (saat, buçuk)

Asking the time (saat kaç, saat kaçta)

Basic conjunctions (ve, ama, veya)

Causality conjunction (çünkü)

Means and accompaniment (ile, -(y)lA)

Purpose and beneficiaries (için)

Expressing desire (-mak istemek)

The past copula (-(y)DI)

The direct past tense (-DI)

Past tense personal suffixes (-DIm, -DIn)

Past tense negative (-mAdI)

Past tense questions (-DI mI)

Ordinal numbers (-(I)ncI)

Greetings and politeness

Saying 'too' (de, da)

Conversation fillers (şey, yani, hadi)

Conversational essentials

Reflexive pronouns (kendim, kendin)

Reciprocal pronouns (birbiri)

Indefinite pronouns for people (herkes, kimse)

Indefinite pronouns for things and places (her şey, hiçbir şey)

Conjunctions of consequence (bu yüzden, bu nedenle)

Correlative conjunctions (hem... hem, ne... ne)

Verbs taking the dative case (-e / -a)

Verbs taking the ablative case (-den / -dan)

Time origin (beri)

Time duration (-DIr)

Comparisons of similarity (gibi)

Comparisons of equality (kadar)

Perspectives (göre)

Verbal nouns (-mA / -mE)

Verbal nouns as objects (-mAyI / -mEyI)

Verbal nouns with the dative (-mAyA / -mEyA)

General necessity (lazım / gerek)

Personal necessity (-mAm lazım)

Third-person commands (-sIn / -sInlAr)

First person singular optative (-(y)AyIm)

Question	Answer
frankly, honestly	açıkçası
Since you don't want to, frankly I won't force you.	Madem istemiyorsun, açıkçası seni zorlamayacağım.
situation, state	vaziyet
Since the situation is bad, let's go back immediately.	Madem vaziyet kötü, hemen geri dönelim.
since, seeing that	mademki
to concern, to affect	ilgilendirmek
Seeing that this problem does not concern you, please be quiet.	Mademki bu problem seni ilgilendirmiyor, lütfen sus.
logically	mantıken
futile, in vain	nafile
Logically, even arguing with him is futile.	Mantıken onunla tartışmak bile nafile.
morale	moral
forced, reluctant	zoraki
Since his morale is low, a forced smile is futile.	Madem morali bozuk, zoraki gülümsemek nafile.
indifferent	kayıtsız
Seeing that he is indifferent towards us, frankly I won't call him.	Mademki bize karşı kayıtsız, açıkçası onu aramayacağım.
Logically, we will not explain this situation to anyone.	Mantıken bu vaziyeti hiç kimseye anlatmayacağız.
He is merely giving a forced answer and remaining completely indifferent to the topic.	Sadece zoraki bir cevap veriyor ve konuya tamamen kayıtsız kalıyor.
I wish this decision did not concern us at all.	Keşke bu karar bizi hiç ilgilendirmese.
Since he apparently heard the news and his morale got ruined, I wish he would rest a little.	Madem haberi duymuş ve morali bozulmuş, keşke biraz dinlense.
meaningless	anlamsız
Since you are going to give up on this project, striving more is meaningless.	Madem bu projeden vazgeçeceksen, daha fazla çabalamak anlamsız.
personally (speaking for oneself)	şahsen
Since he reportedly won't attend the meeting, why didn't he inform me personally?	Madem toplantıya katılmayacakmış, neden şahsen bana haber vermedi?
Since you are not personally interested, shall I cancel the project?	Madem şahsen ilgilenmiyorsun, projeyi iptal edeyim mi?
Since you are busy, can I speak with the manager?	Madem meşgulsün, müdürle konuşabilir miyim?
Since nobody is listening, talking is meaningless.	Madem kimse dinlemiyor, konuşmak anlamsız.

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