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To describe someone who shares something with you—like a homeland, a secret, or a path—Turkish uses the suffix `-DAş`. Attached to a noun, it creates a new noun meaning "fellow," "co-," or "-mate".

The suffix follows consonant mutation, becoming `-taş` or `-teş` after unvoiced consonants (like `t` or `ş`). While it is subject to two-way vowel harmony, many common words (and all the examples in this lesson) take the `-daş` or `-taş` forms regardless of the root's vowels.

- `yurt` (homeland) + `taş` = `yurttaş` (compatriot / fellow citizen)
- `yol` (path) + `daş` = `yoldaş` (comrade / companion)
- `sır` (secret) + `daş` = `sırdaş` (confidant)

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### Shared Identities and Fates

You will often see this suffix used to form words about people who share a common identity or life experience:

- `ad` (name) + `daş` = `adaş` (namesake) — *note that one "d" is dropped*
- `kader` (fate) + `daş` = `kaderdaş` (companion in fate / fellow sufferer)

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### Communities, Eras, and Teams

The `-DAş` suffix can also turn abstract concepts into tangible associations:

- `çağ` (era) + `daş` = `çağdaş` (contemporary / modern)
- `pay` (share) + `daş` = `paydaş` (stakeholder)
- `takım` (team) + `daş` = `takımdaş` (teammate)
- `yaş` (age) + `taş` = `yaştaş` (peer / of the same age)

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Fellowship suffix (-DAş)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (bu, şu, o)

Basic question words (kim, ne)

Plural nouns (-lar, -ler)

I am and you are (-(y)ım, -sın)

We, you, and they are (-(y)ız, -sınız)

Negative statements (değil)

Yes and no questions (mı, mi, mu, mü)

Questions with 'to be' (mısın, mıyım)

Numbers 1 to 10 (bir, iki, üç)

Numbers 11 to 20 (on bir, on iki)

Numbers by tens to 100 (otuz, kırk...)

Counting objects (tane)

The locative case (-da, -de)

Consonant assimilation (-ta, -te)

Asking where (nerede)

There is / there are (var)

There is not / there are not (yok)

Asking how many (kaç)

Infinitive verbs (-mak, -mek)

Informal commands (git, gel)

Negative commands (-ma, -me)

Polite and plural commands (-In, -InIz)

Basic word order

Present continuous for consonant roots (-iyor)

Present continuous for vowel roots (-iyor)

Present continuous personal suffixes (-iyorum)

Negative present continuous (-miyor)

Present continuous questions (-iyor mu)

Future plans with present continuous

The dative case (-(y)a, -(y)e)

Consonant mutation (k, t, p, ç to ğ, d, b, c)

From or out of (-dan / -den)

Directional question words (nereye, nereden)

First and second person possessives (-(i)m, -(i)n)

Third person possessive (-(s)i)

Plural possessives (-imiz, -iniz, -leri)

The genitive case (-(n)in)

Definite noun compounds (-nin ... -si)

Indefinite noun compounds (bare noun + -(s)i)

Possessive buffer letter (n)

Spatial postpositions (içinde, üstünde)

The definite direct object (-(y)ı, -(y)i)

Object question words (kimi, neyi)

Adjectives modifying nouns

Manner and choice questions (nasıl, hangi)

Basic degree modifiers (çok, biraz)

Comparisons (daha, en)

Days of the week

Months of the year

The time question word (ne zaman)

Telling time (saat, buçuk)

Asking the time (saat kaç, saat kaçta)

Basic conjunctions (ve, ama, veya)

Causality conjunction (çünkü)

Means and accompaniment (ile, -(y)lA)

Purpose and beneficiaries (için)

Expressing desire (-mak istemek)

The past copula (-(y)DI)

The direct past tense (-DI)

Past tense personal suffixes (-DIm, -DIn)

Past tense negative (-mAdI)

Past tense questions (-DI mI)

Ordinal numbers (-(I)ncI)

Greetings and politeness

Saying 'too' (de, da)

Conversation fillers (şey, yani, hadi)

Conversational essentials

Reflexive pronouns (kendim, kendin)

Reciprocal pronouns (birbiri)

Indefinite pronouns for people (herkes, kimse)

Indefinite pronouns for things and places (her şey, hiçbir şey)

Conjunctions of consequence (bu yüzden, bu nedenle)

Correlative conjunctions (hem... hem, ne... ne)

Verbs taking the dative case (-e / -a)

Verbs taking the ablative case (-den / -dan)

Time origin (beri)

Time duration (-DIr)

Comparisons of similarity (gibi)

Comparisons of equality (kadar)

Perspectives (göre)

Verbal nouns (-mA / -mE)

Verbal nouns as objects (-mAyI / -mEyI)

Verbal nouns with the dative (-mAyA / -mEyA)

General necessity (lazım / gerek)

Personal necessity (-mAm lazım)

Third-person commands (-sIn / -sInlAr)

First person singular optative (-(y)AyIm)

Question	Answer
citizen / compatriot (fellow citizen)	yurttaş
Every citizen has to support the state.	Her yurttaş devleti desteklemek zorunda.
Either help these citizens or stay away from them.	Ya bu yurttaşlara yardım et ya da onlardan uzak dur.
comrade / companion	yoldaş
He is my best comrade.	O benim en iyi yoldaşım.
I am looking for a reliable companion to travel.	Seyahat etmek için güvenilir bir yoldaş arıyorum.
confidant	sırdaş
That lonely cat is my only confidant.	O yalnız kedi benim tek sırdaşım.
No matter who you talk with, find a reliable confidant.	Kiminle konuşursan konuş, güvenilir bir sırdaş bul.
namesake	adaş
We are namesakes with the new director.	Yeni müdür ile adaşız.
Your namesake called me yesterday.	Senin adaşın dün beni aradı.
fellow sufferer / companion in fate	kaderdaş
The sick man and I are companions in fate.	Hasta adamla kaderdaşız.
We are companions in fate in this dark company.	Biz bu karanlık şirkette kaderdaşız.
contemporary / modern (of the same era)	çağdaş
I wonder where the contemporary art museum is?	Çağdaş sanat müzesi nerede acaba?
We must give our children a modern education.	Çocuklarımıza çağdaş bir eğitim vermeliyiz.
stakeholder	paydaş
All stakeholders in the project attended the meeting.	Projedeki bütün paydaşlar toplantıya katıldı.
The director is about to give information to the stakeholders.	Müdür, paydaşlara bilgi vermek üzere.
kinsman	soydaş
Our kinsmen live in another country.	Soydaşlarımız başka bir ülkede yaşıyor.
He went to that village and visited his kinsmen.	O köye gitti ve soydaşlarını ziyaret etti.
teammate	takımdaş
A selfish teammate prevents success.	Bencil bir takımdaş başarıyı engeller.
My teammate apologized saying he was late for training.	Takımdaşım, antrenmana geç kaldım diye özür diledi.
peer / of the same age	yaştaş
My son and your daughter are of the same age.	Benim oğlumla senin kızın yaştaş.
The teacher put the peer children into the same group.	Öğretmen, yaştaş çocukları aynı gruba koydu.