Conditional actions (-(y)sA)

The real conditional for actions

To express "if an action happens" (used for general truths, possibilities, or superstitions), Turkish attaches the conditional suffix -sa or -se to a verb in the Aorist (simple present) tense.

The formula is: Verb + Aorist Suffix + Conditional (-sa / -se) + Personal Ending

Note that the personal endings used for the conditional form are slightly different from the regular present tense. They match the endings used for the past tense (-m, -n, [none], -k, -nız/-niz, -lar/-ler).

PersonExampleMeaning
Benvurursamif I knock
Senvurursanif you knock
Ovurursaif he/she/it knocks
Bizvurursakif we knock
Sizvurursanızif you knock (formal/plural)
Onlarvururlarsaif they knock
If you knock on wood, nothing bad happens.
Tahtaya vurursan kötü bir şey olmaz.
If you hear a bad thing, knock on wood.
Kötü bir şey duyarsanız tahtaya vurun.

The negative conditional

To say "if something does not happen," attach the conditional suffix directly to the negative aorist suffix (-maz or -mez).

For example, ister (wants) becomes istemez (does not want). Adding the conditional makes it istemezse (if he/she/it does not want).

If he does not want bad luck, he does not use the ladder.
Kötü şans istemezse merdiveni kullanmaz.

Expressing superstitions

Conditional statements are exactly what you need to talk about everyday superstitions—actions that supposedly bring good or bad luck.

If you pass under a ladder, it brings bad luck.
Merdiven altından geçersen kötü şans getirir.

In Turkish culture, the evil eye (nazar) or an itching palm are frequent subjects of these conditional warnings and promises!

evil eye
nazar
If someone looks at you too much, you get the evil eye.
Biri sana çok bakarsa nazar değer.
If your right palm itches, money comes.
Sağ avucun kaşınırsa para gelir.
If your left palm itches, you spend a lot of money.
Sol avucun kaşınırsa çok para harcarsın.