Efter att ha ätit förrätten väntar gästerna på huvudrätten.

Questions & Answers about Efter att ha ätit förrätten väntar gästerna på huvudrätten.

Why does the verb väntar come before the subject gästerna?
This is the classic V2 (verb-second) rule. The entire opening phrase Efter att ha ätit förrätten acts as the first "block" of information. Because the main verb must always be in the second position, väntar comes next, which forces the subject gästerna to immediately follow it.
How does the phrase efter att ha ätit work? Can I just say "efter äter"?
No, you cannot use a present tense verb directly after efter. To say "after doing something", Swedish uses efter att followed by an infinitive phrase. Because the eating was completed before the waiting started, it uses the perfect infinitive: ha (to have) + the supine form ätit (eaten).
Why is there a på after väntar? Doesn't på usually mean "on"?
Prepositions rarely translate one-to-one. While often means "on", the Swedish verb phrase for "to wait for [something/someone]" is always att vänta på. It's best to memorize them together as a fixed pair.
What is the root word for the meal courses förrätten and huvudrätten?
They are compound words built on en rätt, which means "a dish" or "a course" in the context of food. För means "before", making förrätt (starter), and huvud means "head" or "main", making huvudrätt (main course). The -en ending makes them definite ("the starter", "the main course").

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