Breakdown of Avdelningen har stängts av styrelsen.
ha
to have
stänga
to close
av
of, by / from (cause)
avdelningen
the department
Questions & Answers about Avdelningen har stängts av styrelsen.
How is the passive formed in har stängts? Why does it end in -ts instead of -ats?
To form the present perfect s-passive, you take the supinum form of the verb (the form you use after har) and add an -s. The verb stänga (to close) belongs to verb group 2, so its supinum is stängt. Adding an -s makes it stängts. You only see the -ats ending for group 1 verbs, like jobba becoming jobbats.
Why is av used here to mean "by"?
In Swedish passive sentences, the preposition av is used to introduce the agent, which is the person or group actually doing the action. It translates directly to "by" in English passive sentences, just like "closed by the board" here.
What is the root word for styrelsen?
The root word is en styrelse, meaning a board or committee. Because it is an en-word that already ends in a vowel, you simply add -n to get the definite form styrelsen (the board).
Could I say har blivit stängd instead of har stängts?
Yes, you can! The bli-passive (har blivit stängd) and the s-passive (har stängts) both mean "has been closed" and are often interchangeable. The s-passive is slightly more common in formal or written contexts, which fits perfectly when talking about official decisions made by a board.