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In a sentence like "The blacksmith makes the iron *hot*", the word "hot" is an **object predicative**. It is an adjective that describes the state or property of the direct object, often showing the result of the verb's action.

In Swedish, object predicatives must agree with the direct object. This means the adjective changes its ending depending on whether the object is an *en*-word, an *ett*-word, or plural.

### Common Gender (En-words)

When the direct object is an *en*-word, the adjective uses its basic form (usually no ending).

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### Neuter Gender (Ett-words)

When the direct object is an *ett*-word, you must add **-t** to the adjective.

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Notice how *böjlig* (pliable) becomes *böjligt* to match *det* (which stands in for the *ett*-word *järnet*).

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### Plurals

If the direct object is plural, add **-a** to the adjective, regardless of the noun's gender.

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### Opinions and States

Object predicatives aren't just for physical transformations like forging or heating. Verbs expressing opinions or observations (like *att anse* - to consider) use them too, following the exact same agreement rules.

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Object predicatives

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

The definite ending (barnet, hunden)

Indefinite articles and -ar verbs (en, ett)

Basic word order

Singular adjectives (stor, stort)

Plural adjectives (-a)

Sentence negation (inte)

Yes/No questions

Basic question words (vad, vem, var)

Regular Group 2 verbs (-er)

Short verbs and irregulars (har, gör)

The infinitive marker (att)

Modal verbs (kan, vill, måste, får)

Future intention (ska)

Time adverbs (imorgon, igår)

Word order inversion

Adverbs of frequency (ibland, aldrig)

Everyday things (dörren, stolen, tåget)

Definite suffix spelling changes

Plural nouns Group 1 and 2 (-or, -ar)

Plural nouns Group 3 (-er, -r)

Neuter indefinite plurals

Definite plural suffixes (-na, -a, -en)

Object pronouns (mig, dig, oss)

Reflexive pronouns (sig)

Expanded question words (när, varför)

Which and what (vilken, vilket, vilka)

Coordinating conjunctions (men, eller, för)

Prepositions of place (i, på, till, från)

Quantifiers (mycket, många)

Indefinite pronouns (någon, något, några)

First and second person possessives (min, din, vår, er)

Third person possessives (hans, hennes, dess, deras)

Reflexive possessives (sin, sitt, sina)

The genitive (-s)

Adjectives before singular nouns

Adjectives before plural nouns (-a)

Double definiteness (den, det, de)

Demonstratives (den här, det här, de här)

The imperative mood

Past tense of vara and ha (var, hade)

Possessives for names (-s)

Definite plural adjectives (de ... -a)

Genitive case for names (-s)

Numbers 1 to 10 (en, två, tre...)

Numbers 11 to 20 (elva till tjugo)

Counting by tens to 100 (trettio, fyrtio...)

Days of the week (måndag, tisdag...)

Months of the year (januari, februari...)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (första, andra...)

Greetings and politeness (hej, tack, förlåt)

Particle verbs of direction (gå ut, komma in)

Simple past: Group 1 (-ade)

Simple past: Group 2a (-de)

Simple past: Group 2b (-te)

Simple past: Group 3 (-dde)

Simple past: Group 4

Present perfect: Groups 1 and 2 (har)

Present perfect: Groups 3 and 4

Past perfect (hade)

Future predictions (kommer att)

Future with present tense

The adjective small (liten, litet, små)

Demonstratives of distance (den där, det där, de där)

Negative pronouns (ingen, inget, inga)

Universal pronouns (all, allt, alla)

The generic pronoun (man, en)

Possessive generic pronoun (ens)

Reciprocal pronoun (varandra)

Qualitative pronouns (sådan, sådant, sådana)

Habitual time expressions (på)

Specific past time expressions (i)

Past time expressions (för ... sedan)

Future time expressions (om)

Location and motion adverbs (här/hit, där/dit)

Consequences (så)

Correlative conjunctions (både ... och)

Either and neither (antingen ... eller, varken ... eller)

Verbs of opinion and belief (tycker, tror, tänker)

Subordinate clauses (att, om)

Time clauses (när, innan, medan)

Clauses of cause (eftersom, därför att)

Negation in subordinate clauses (inte)

V2 word order inversion

Relative clauses as subjects (som)

Relative clauses as objects (som)

Relative clauses for places (där)

Adverbs from adjectives (-t)

Adjective comparative and superlative (-are, -ast)

Question	Answer
the blacksmith	smeden
the iron	järnet
pliable	böjlig
The blacksmith heats the iron and makes it pliable.	Smeden värmer järnet och gör det böjligt.
the forge	smedjan
to forge	smida
In the forge, we forge the metal flat.	I smedjan smider vi metallen platt.
the horseshoe	hästskon
the anvil	städet
He strikes the horseshoe round against the anvil.	Han slår hästskon rund mot städet.
the tongs	tången
the blade	klingan
The tongs hold the blade while the blacksmith makes it sharp.	Tången håller klingan medan smeden gör den vass.
the spark	gnistan
I feel the sparks burn me when the blacksmith makes the iron soft.	Jag känner gnistorna bränna mig när smeden gör järnet mjukt.
The blacksmith makes the swords cold and the blades sharp.	Smeden gör svärden kalla och klingorna vassa.
He puts the iron on the anvil so that he can forge it flat.	Han lägger järnet på städet så att han kan smida det platt.
Yesterday the blacksmith had a lot of steel, and he made it hard.	Igår hade smeden mycket stål, och han gjorde det hårt.
With the tongs, she makes the horseshoe pliable in the fire.	Med tången gör hon hästskon böjlig i elden.
How sharp the blacksmith forges the blade!	Vad vass smeden smider klingan!
We were going to extinguish the fire, but the blacksmith made the iron hot again.	Vi skulle släcka elden, men smeden gjorde järnet varmt igen.
The blacksmith keeps the smithy warm.	Smeden håller smedjan varm.
He considers the spark dangerous.	Han anser gnistan farlig.
the situation, the state	läget
The situation in the city is calm again.	Läget i staden är lugnt igen.
How are things?	Hur är läget?
the reason	skälet
The reason for the delay was the weather.	Skälet till förseningen var vädret.
He never explained the reason.	Han förklarade aldrig skälet.
the seriousness	allvaret
Nobody understood the seriousness of the situation.	Ingen förstod allvaret i situationen.
Only now do we see the seriousness.	Först nu ser vi allvaret.
to cause	orsaka
The rain caused big problems.	Regnet orsakade stora problem.
What caused the fire?	Vad orsakade branden?

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