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Spanish (Spain)

### Crime in the news

| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| **el asesinato** | murder |
| **el agente** | officer, agent |
| **amenazar** | to threaten |
| **el terrorista** | terrorist |
| **violento** | violent |
| **explotar** | to explode; to exploit |
| **militar** | military |
| **la lucha** | fight, struggle |
| **pleno** | complete; right in the middle of |

**El asesinato** is the crime; the person is *el asesino*. In the news, police officers are often called **agentes**; an insurance or estate agent is an **agente** too.

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### Threats

**Amenazar** is the verb of *la amenaza*. The person threatened is the direct object (*la amenazó*), and the threat usually comes after **con**: a thing, or an infinitive.

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### Explotar: explode or exploit

With no object, **explotar** usually means to explode (the noun is *la explosión*). With an object, often a person after *a*, it usually means to exploit.

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### Pleno and militar

After *en*, **pleno** usually means right in the middle of: *en plena noche*. After *a*, it means full: *a plena luz del día* is in broad daylight. Elsewhere it usually means complete. **Militar** is an adjective, and also a noun for someone in the armed forces.

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Murders, threats and officers (el asesinato, amenazar, el agente)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Question	Answer
the agent (police, estate, insurance)	el agente
My aunt is an insurance agent.	Mi tía es agente de seguros.
A police officer asked me for my ID card.	Un agente de policía me pidió el DNI.
The officers found the weapon in the car.	Los agentes encontraron el arma en el coche.
the murder	el asesinato
The police are investigating the murder of a businessman.	La policía investiga el asesinato de un empresario.
They arrested him for the murder of his neighbor.	Lo detuvieron por el asesinato de su vecina.
to threaten	amenazar
The thief threatened her with a knife.	El ladrón la amenazó con un cuchillo.
He threatened to report me.	Me amenazó con denunciarme.
the terrorist	el terrorista
The terrorists are threatening new attacks.	Los terroristas amenazan con nuevos ataques.
The police have arrested two terrorists today.	La policía ha detenido hoy a dos terroristas.
violent	violento
It was a very violent murder.	Fue un asesinato muy violento.
He's a very violent man with his family.	Es un hombre muy violento con su familia.
I don't like violent movies.	No me gustan las películas violentas.
to explode; to exploit	explotar
The terrorist's car exploded in front of the city hall.	El coche del terrorista explotó delante del ayuntamiento.
That company exploits its workers.	Esa empresa explota a sus trabajadores.
military (also: a member of the armed forces)	militar
My grandfather was a military man.	Mi abuelo era militar.
There's a military base near the village.	Hay una base militar cerca del pueblo.
The government has sent military aid.	El gobierno ha enviado ayuda militar.
the struggle, the fight (for or against something)	la lucha
The fight against crime is difficult.	La lucha contra el crimen es difícil.
My mother took part in the struggle for equality.	Mi madre participó en la lucha por la igualdad.
After a long struggle, they won their rights.	Después de una larga lucha, consiguieron sus derechos.
complete (before a noun); right in the middle of	pleno
The mobile's battery exploded in the middle of the night.	La batería del móvil explotó en plena noche.
They stole her handbag in broad daylight.	Le robaron el bolso a plena luz del día.
I have complete confidence in the officers.	Tengo plena confianza en los agentes.

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