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Spanish (Latin America)

### The Near Future (ir a)

To talk about your future plans or things you are "going to" do, Spanish uses a very simple formula: the conjugated verb **ir** (to go) + **a** + an infinitive verb (the base form, like *viajar* or *acampar*).

Here is a quick reminder of how to conjugate **ir** in the present tense:

| Subject | ir (to go) |
|---|---|
| yo | voy |
| tú | vas |
| él / ella / usted | va |
| nosotros / nosotras | vamos |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | van |

To express what you are going to do, just follow the formula:

{{item:773086}}

{{item:773098}}

{{item:773092}}

### Negative Sentences and Questions

To make a negative statement, simply place the word **no** right before the conjugated form of **ir**:

{{item:773090}}

Questions follow the exact same structure; just add your question words and marks:

{{item:773088}}

### Using Reflexive Verbs

When using this construction with a reflexive verb—like **quedarse** (to stay)—the reflexive pronoun (like **me** or **te**) can be placed directly *before* the conjugated form of **ir**:

{{item:773094}}

{{item:773095}}

The near future (ir a)

adjective

adverb

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

expression

interjection

noun

numeral

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Definite articles and 'to be' (el, la, soy)

Masculine and feminine pairs (el hermano, la hermana)

Basic sentences and negation (no)

Indefinite articles (un, una)

Formal and informal you (tú vs. usted)

Plural pronouns and the verb to be (somos, son)

Making nouns plural (-s, -es)

Plural articles (los, las, unos, unas)

Noun gender exceptions

Adjective agreement

Invariable adjectives

State and location (estar)

Ser vs. estar

There is / there are (hay)

Hay vs. estar

To have (tener)

Possession (de)

Possessive adjectives (mi, tu, su)

Regular -ar verbs

Yes/No questions

What and who (qué, quién)

Regular -er verbs

Regular -ir verbs

Asking where (dónde, adónde)

How, when, and why (cómo, cuándo, por qué)

How much and how many (cuánto)

Days of the week

Going to a place (ir a)

Preposition contractions (al, del)

In and by (en)

With me and with you (conmigo, contigo)

Prepositional pronouns (mí, ti)

Conjunctions (y, o, pero)

Giving reasons (porque)

Stem-changing verbs (e to ie)

Stem-changing verbs (o to ue)

Stem-changing verbs (e to i)

Irregular yo forms (hago, salgo)

To know (saber vs. conocer)

Weather expressions (hace, está)

Desires and plans (querer)

Ability and requests (poder)

Obligations (tener que)

Expressing likes (me gusta)

Plural likes (me gustan)

Verbs like gustar (encantar, doler)

Very vs. a lot (muy, mucho)

Numbers 0 to 15 (cero, uno, dos…)

Numbers 16 to 31 (dieciséis, veinte…)

Numbers 30 to 1000 (treinta, cien, mil)

Months of the year (enero, febrero, marzo)

Seasons and dates (el dos de mayo)

Telling time (es la..., son las...)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero, segundo, tercero)

Reflexive pronouns and verbs (me, te, se, nos)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The present continuous (estar + -ando, -iendo)

Near demonstrative adjectives (este, esta, estos, estas)

Medium demonstrative adjectives (ese, esa, esos, esas)

Comparatives of inequality (más / menos ... que)

Comparatives of equality (tan ... como)

Indefinite and negative pronouns (algo, nada, alguien, nadie)

Affirmative commands

Far demonstratives (aquel, aquella)

Possessive pronouns (el mío, el tuyo)

Shortened indefinite adjectives (algún, ningún)

Adverbs of quantity (demasiado, bastante)

Adverbs of frequency (a menudo, a veces)

Adverb formation (-mente)

Exclamations (¡Qué...!)

Irregular comparatives (mejor, peor, mayor, menor)

Relative superlatives (el más... de)

Adjective intensification (-ísimo)

Indirect object pronouns

Pronoun placement with infinitives

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

The 'se lo' rule (se lo, se la)

Impersonal statements (se)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Personal obligation (deber)

Starting actions (empezar a)

Finishing and quitting actions (terminar de, dejar de)

Repeating actions (volver a)

Continuing actions (seguir + gerundio)

Complex prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de...)

Question	Answer
next	próximo
the mountain	la montaña
Next weekend I am going to travel to the mountain.	El próximo fin de semana voy a viajar a la montaña.
to camp	acampar
Where are you going to camp?	¿Dónde van a acampar ustedes?
the lake	el lago
We are not going to go to the lake because it is cloudy.	No vamos a ir al lago porque está nublado.
I am going to swim in the lake with my friends.	Voy a nadar en el lago con mis amigos.
They are going to camp near the lake.	Ellos van a acampar cerca del lago.
to stay / to end up / become	quedarse
I am going to stay in a cheap hotel.	Me voy a quedar en un hotel barato.
Where are you going to stay tomorrow?	¿Dónde te vas a quedar mañana?
to play	jugar
the soccer	el fútbol
Tomorrow we are going to play soccer in the park.	Mañana vamos a jugar fútbol en el parque.
At three I am going to play soccer with you.	A las tres voy a jugar fútbol contigo.
to take a walk	pasear
Today I am going to take a walk with my family.	Hoy voy a pasear con mi familia.
We are not going to take a walk today because it is very hot.	No vamos a pasear hoy porque hace mucho calor.
to organize	organizar
We are going to organize the party.	Vamos a organizar la fiesta.
Who is going to organize the next event?	¿Quién va a organizar el próximo evento?
to celebrate	celebrar
My cousins are going to celebrate their birthday here.	Mis primos van a celebrar su cumpleaños aquí.
We are going to celebrate the boy's birthday.	Vamos a celebrar el cumpleaños del niño.
Tomorrow we are going to walk in the mountain.	Mañana vamos a caminar en la montaña.
Christmas	la Navidad
We are going to celebrate Christmas as a family.	Vamos a celebrar la Navidad en familia.
Christmas is in December.	La Navidad es en diciembre.
the errand (LatAm; hacer los mandados)	el mandado
I am going to run the errands tomorrow.	Voy a hacer los mandados mañana.
My mom runs the errands in the morning.	Mi mamá hace los mandados en la mañana.
the ball (soccer-size)	el balón
We are going to play with the ball.	Vamos a jugar con el balón.
The soccer ball is white.	El balón de fútbol es blanco.
see you tomorrow	hasta mañana
I am going to study. See you tomorrow!	Voy a estudiar. ¡Hasta mañana!
Tomorrow I am going to work. See you tomorrow!	Mañana voy a trabajar. ¡Hasta mañana!
the basketball	el básquetbol
I'm going to play basketball with my friends.	Voy a jugar básquetbol con mis amigos.
Basketball is my favorite sport.	El básquetbol es mi deporte favorito.

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